Explain The Principles And Principles Of Outcome-Based Assessment
PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES FOR OUTCOMES-BASED ASSESSMENT
An educator should use different assessment styles and methods. Assessment should provide learners with many opportunities to show their abilities in the specific knowledge and skills they have learnt. The methods and styles of the assessment must be appropriate to the outcomes being tested. Assessment should focus on the abilities of specific skills and knowledge that need to be tested.
If assessment is to be reliable it has to be planned, on-going and incorporated into teaching. It must be both formative, summative, formal and informal in order to give a clear picture of the learner’s overall abilities. Assessment should be regarded as part of teaching-learning. Learner achievement should not be based only on the results of summative assessment.
Outcomes-based assessment is comprised of a variety of methods. It is learner-centred meaning the learner is provided some input. A variety of methods or strategies such as self- assessment, portfolio assessment, peer assessment, joint assessment and group assessment.
The four basic principles are (Spady, 1994):
Clarity
Outcomes create a clear guideline of what the learner needs to accomplish by the end of the course. Learners will understand what is expected of them and teachers will know what they need to teach during the course. When designing and planning a curriculum one is expected to work backwards once an outcome has been set, they must determine what knowledge and
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