Criminal profiling is defined as an investigative and behavioral tool that is aimed at assisting those in the investigative field in profiling criminal offenders who are in most cases unknown. Criminal profiling goes by many names, such as: offender profiling, criminological profiling, criminal investigative analysis, criminal personality profiling and behavioral profiling. Criminal profilers are agents that study and analyze the behavior of an unknown criminal based on information that is gathered by his or her kills. The Federal Bareau of Investigation, or the Behavioral Analysis Unit rely on criminal profilers to provide psychological profiles of the offender. Technically, there is no official job title in the F.B.I called “criminal profiler.”
In law, criminal profiling is used to determine and identify likely suspects and analyze their patterns to predict future offenses or victims. Profiling is one of the important tools used by the government to help in curbing the spread of criminal activities in a region. One of the most popular cases in the history that used this tool is the David Richard (son of Sam) case. David Richard is an American serial killer convicted of a series of shooting attacks in New York. Son of Sam as he is popularly known killed six victims and wounded seven others in the summer of 1977.
The information used comes from other crimes scenes, police reports, psychological evaluations, and victimology reports. When using inductive reasoning, the profiler must first start with a hypothesis, and then information is gathered to support or reject the hypothesis. This type of profiling focuses on the “typical” offender for the type of crime they committed (Bartol & Bartol,
This bill would add more people to the criminal background check database, which would stop poeple on the list from buying a gun. It would also make it so every gun purchase would require a background check. This would close the gun show loophole, where you can buy a gun at a gun show without a background check, but need a background check to buy a gun at a store. Proponents want this to pass to keep criminals from getting guns more easily. It is too easy for a criminal to buy a gun at a gun show, at some criminals are not on the list of those with criminal backgrounds that should keep them from buying a gun at store.
MacDonald makes a lot of good points about how the politicization of criminal justice can hurt the entire field. I do not agree that racial profiling does not exist, but I do agree that political witch hunts and fishing expeditions are likely to punish good officers and limit their ability to do their jobs, while failing to ensure that minorities are treated equally. An unfortunate but valid point that she offers is that the disproportionate amount of minorities involved in incarceration does not indicate racial profiling, but just that more minorities are committing crimes (Macdonald, 2001). I’d like to say that I’m well aware that crime is a response to poverty, not ethnicity. The disproportionate amount of minorities below the poverty line
According to Study.com, FBI agents investigate more than 200 different crimes such as bank robberies, kidnapping, terrorism, drug
In this article, the authors examine the research of how the criminal justice system forms racial profiling in the United States as incarceration increases. The authors use longitudinal data to find information of how one’s skin color can affect one’s punishments compared to someone who is white due to the stereotypes that revolve around their race. As they further investigate they found that “there is a stereotypical link between race and crime” (Saperstein et al., 2014) as arrest and the consequences associated with the crime are increased to people who are minorities. The article strongly suggests an extensive impact on increased policing and rise of incarceration on racialization and stereotyping with results of groups, police judgments
Annotated Bibliography: Racial Profiling This is an annotated bibliography researching the reasons for, effects of, and solutions to racial profiling by law enforcement in the United States. I am researching racial profiling and is it justified in law enforcement.
Although, implementation of this system is expected to close the gap of the concerns with the initial UCR, as of 2015, only 33 states were certified to use this system, however, of those certified they may or may not use all of their agencies to report data. The data provided by both the UCR and NIBR depict the number of juvenile arrests, but does not account for all criminal acts committed, such as unreported crime. For this criminologist, must rely on additional research
Because of racial profiling based on religion, students are being discriminated unjustly in their educational environment. On September 14th, 2015, Ahmed Mohamed, a Muslim freshman of a high school, was arrested from his school because he brought a commercial digital clock, what he invented, to show his English teacher because he wanted to show her something smart. But she got it wrong because she thought it was a bomb. That’s why she impounded the project and sent him to the principal’s office. After that the school authority called the police and as a result he was arrested.
Technology and Communication systems are critical tools in policing. The rate of technological change in recent years is so fast that I personally believe that is safe to predict that in a mere few years from now, current technology will be substantially improved if not obsolete. Technology is constantly changing the way police departments operate in many ways. When I first started in EMS 20 years ago, I had intended to use dispatching as a gateway into policing (instead of Emergency Medicine.) Back then, Computer Aided Dispatching was ground breaking technology, GPS did not exist, tracking of units was done with paper, graphs, whiteboards and bulletin boards.
Is ethnic profiling necessary in order to effectively prevent terrorism? Less than one percent of Muslims globally have engaged in terrorism. However, Asians (specifically those of Middle Eastern descent) are 42 times more likely to be the target of counter-terrorism as a result of ethnic profiling. “Ethnic profiling is the use of racial, ethnic, national, or religious characteristics as a way of singling out people for identity or security checks.”
New York: New York, 2002. Print. Jackson, Janet L., and Debra A. Bekerian, eds. Offender Profiling: Theory, Research and Practice.
Racial profiling has been a long-standing issue in the United States in regards to law enforcement at the federal, state, and local levels. It has existed in America since the first introduction of African-Americans, for instance, when slave patrols stopped and questioned any African-American unaccompanied by a white person. It continues to be a prominent topic covered by the media today. The media often covers stories on minorities being racially profiled and targeted by law enforcement not on their behavior, but on their personal characteristics, which debunks any argument that the United States is in a “post-racial era.” “Whites and some people of color point to the virtual lack of overtly racialized law- for example, Jim Crow statutes-
Over the course of numerous years, minority groups, specifically African Americans and Latinos, have been subjected to racial profiling. The United States built this country with slavery being normal. They treated colored people as animals. When slavery finally ended, a new era of segregation and discrimination came about. The colored people didn’t have the same privileges as Whites.
I will also provide detailed examples of each of those roles in action within the law enforcement, corrections and court system environments. The psychologist is vital in numerous exclusive roles in the criminal justice system. The psychologist can become the applied scientist, the basic scientist, the policy