2. The message “HI world” consist of 7 character + 1 space which equal to 8 byte (64 bit ). 3. First divide the message into 32 bits, the left 32 bits which represent “Hi w” are XORed with the first element of P-array (P1) (which generated from key expansion) and create a value called P1'. 4.
Control bus:- Transfer control signal between interconnect part. Address bus:- Send address memory to another through address bus. QUESTION NO.9 ANSWER: Serial ports:- Serial ports are connecting motherboard to the external devices. Like mouse, keyboard, game joystick, usb and modems. Computer has 2 or 4 serial ports.
The second rule states that any single, bordering string of one or more 16-bit section having all zeroes can be replaced by a double colon (:) and it can be used only if it within an address. For instance, an incorrect address such as 2001:0AB7:: CDBA::3421, can be compressed into 2001: 0AB7:: CDBA: 5.2 Advantages and Disadvantages for
For the users to participate in Second Life (an online virtual world with three-dimensional modelling) successfully, Mac OS X requires 1GB or more memory, Linux needs 512MB, whereas Windows also requires 1GB or 3GB memory. Besides, the graphics card required by the three main operating system is also different. It is used to take video data from the computer’s processor and then converts to signals on the monitor. Mac OS X needs graphics card of ATI Radeon 9200 or NVIDIA GeForce 2 and GeForce 4. Linux needs NVIDIA GeForce 6600 or Radeon 8500 and 9250.
Data was stored on the rings by magnetizing each ring individually. This type of RAM was used in most computers up until the development of the static and dynamic integrated RAM circuits in the late 1960s and early
The size of the virtual disk is 2 megabytes. This goes on until it reaches the specified size of the disk). and virtual Hard Drive size: 12:00 GB. Display (Video Memory): 12 MB, 1024 x 768 resolution Processor: 1 GHz x86 processor 3-) Decide whether you will install the 32 bits or 64 bits of the OS. Justify your selection.
The op code is the action, all though modern processors are limited at the machine level to instructions with no more than two operands the operands can be one or more type of instructions and are commonly grouped by the following headings; • Data transfer: Move data between memory and ALU registers or between two ALU registers. • Unconditional branch: Normally, the control unit executes instructions in sequence from memory. This sequence can be changed by a branch instruction, which facilitates repetitive operations. • Conditional branch: The branch can be made dependent on a condition, thus allowing decision
Fig. 5.1 presents the schematic symbol of floating point multiplier. This takes two IEEE 754 format single precision floating point numbers and generates the multiplied output. It too supports the aspects like underflow, overflow and invalid
It’s an off the shelf part (Sandforce, Marvell), but some companies use their own (Samsung) so the architecture can vary widely. Here is s typical layout of a controller for a NAND flash chip (9) PARAMETER NOR NAND Capacity 1 to 16 Mbytes 8 to 128 Mbytes XIP (code execution) Yes No Performance Erase Write Read Very Slow (5 s) Slow Fast Fast (3 ms) Fast Fast Strengths Addressable to every byte More than 10% higher life expectancy Erase cycle range 10,000 to 100,000 100,000 to1,000,000 Interface SRAM-like, memory mapped Accessed in bursts of 512 bytes; I/O mapped Access method Random Sequential Price High Very low It has an interface channel (NANDIF) a CPU interface channel (CPUIF) a unit for error correction (ECC) its own registers, its own RAM and on this model optional encryption
The computation in sequential computing is represented by uniform stream of execution The first generation of computers followed sequential execution as Von Neumann concept. The Von Neumann architecture consists of a processing unit containing an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) for carrying out calculations upon the data, a Control Unit which will manage the process of moving the data in and out of the memory and a memory to store both data and instructions. The important feature of sequential computing is that each operation executed by the computer, like memory fetch or store, arithmetic or logical operation and input/ output operation, is performed one at a time. In parallel computing, different program components execute concurrently on different processors Parallel computing is the simultaneous use of multiple computer resources to solve a computational problem. A problem is split into different parts that can be solved concurrently.