III. DIFFERENT TYPES OF GSO
FSGSO
Oliveira, Pacifico and Ludermir [15] are proposed Fish Swarm Group Search Optimizer (FSGSO) which is a hybrid Group Search Optimization based on the behaviors of fish swarms. The hybridization is based on the scrounging procedures in which were used the behaviors of Swarm, Follow, Prey and Leap from the Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm [16]. In FSGSO, the producer maintains its search procedures, but the scroungers will execute the search procedures of fish. In traditional GSO scrounging strategies such as the area copying (common scrounging behavior), which can be modeled as a random walk towards the producer. But in FSGSO the scroungers could take into consideration the producer, the center of the group and also random walks. In this method, the scrounging is performed through the execution of two behaviors from the AFSA: Swarm and Follow. The follow behavior represents the ability to
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In the Swarm behavior the update process in case the conditions (the region is not crowded (nf/N<σ) and the central position is in a better food concentration region than the current fish ( yc>yi) …show more content…
D. S. Pacifico and T. B. Ludermir[17] are introduce a novel GSO approach based on cooperative behavior among groups, called Cooperative Group Search Optimizer (CGSO). The cooperative behavior is obtained by a divide-and-conquer strategy, where each group is responsible for a limited set of the problem variables, and the final solution is found by combining solutions found by each group. In CGSO, the population members are divided in k independent groups. Each group is associated with d dimensions from the search space (where d x k = n). Each group will execute local searches seeing to minimize its own set of variables. The current fitness of each member from this group by combining its variables with the best solutions found so far by the remaining groups. The pseudo code for the CGSO algorithm is listed in Table
Plankton Activity Postlab 1) Apply 2.5: Use mathematical and/or computational representations to support explanations of factors that affect carrying capacity of ecosystems at different scales. Explain how the abundance of phytoplankton in the pond depends on the abundance of an abiotic resource such as nitrogen. - Phytoplankton are the producers in the pond. Species of organisms in ecosystems have their own carrying capacity relative to other species, and carrying capacities are determined by particular abiotic and biotic resources in an ecosystem. An increase in nitrogen levels in the pond (e.g. from fertilizers) will result in a dramatic increase in phytoplankton levels, but once phytoplankton population reaches its carrying capacity (determined by availability of other resources besides nitrogen, [DO] levels, predation etc.),
Dear Alpha Beta Chapter of Gamma Phi Delta, Inc., President and Members: Please accept this letter as notice of my resignation from the Alpha Beta Chapter of Gamma Phi Delta Sorority, Inc. My last day of membership will be October 20, 2015. It has been a pleasure working with you and the members over the years.
Your College 's Mission 1. What is your college 's current mission statement? How does GTCC support its mission statement? Explain in terms of examples and details.
Salinity Changes With Sheepshead Minnows Sheepshead minnows are one of the few fish that can survive in a big change in salinity and temperature. I would like to observe how long they can survive in a certain amount of salinity with small changes in salinity over time. I will slowly over five day period, take away salt from the sheepshead minnows tank. I will have twenty sheepshead minnows in all, ten in the tank having the salt removed and another ten in a tank with the same salinity as the water I found them in. This is important because we can learn how some animals adapt over time to live in different environments.
Lesson 1 Case Studies SANGAY SHERPA International American University MGT 500: Organizational Behavior and Leadership Dr. Om Sitaula September 17, 2014 LISTO SYSTEM Listo system is one of the leading graphic service company in the world. This is a company that achieved success in high pace in early 1990’s. It deals with all the graphic related programming. There are various aspects that led this company to success such as technological advancement, rapid growth in technology. Meanwhile it faces challenges from the high and changing demand of customers, advanced competitors etc.
(Schadelin et al. 2012) Using the Neolamprologus caudopunctatus species they conducted the experiment by forming pairs of potential breeders in tanks and letting them bond and construct a breeding cavity. To test their bond after three days, a predator was placed in the tank within a plastic tube and the aggression reaction towards the predator together determined if a bond had been made. They put the stimulus pair, which had more time to invest in territory establishment prior to the experiment, in the central tank and later introduced a test pair into the same central tank with three potential breeding cavities. After fourteen days small predators, Lepidiolamprologus elongatus, were presented into the tank in transparent plastic tubes.
Challenges There were several challenges outlined above however the greatest will be that of the military leadership and culture as a whole. A large organization is difficult to change with a simple revision of policy. Changing the culture will require a sort of epidemic to take hold and stick for the long term. Finding the right solution that would appeal to the younger generation will stick long term, such as finding a connection that they can relate to.
What is your understanding of NFIB’s relevance in the small business sector? The NFIB both pushes for political change affecting business sector and protects small businesses from dangerous government decisions. Corporate money and big business can often overpower the voice of organizations like the NFIB, however it is vital to have so organizations. For example, the NFIB put up a tremendous fight against the Affordable Care Act.
Do the amount a constant harvesting without giving the fish to reproduce more the fish themselves have started to mature faster. The fish have matured faster do the fact that they might not have the chance to reproduce so they want to mature as fast as possible to be able to pass down there genes. While the fish mature faster they are also getting harvested more and more rigorously so the studies show that the fish have to mature faster to be able to have a chance in passing their genes down to the next generation. I conclude that harvesting fish is not bad however unless we don’t live the fish’s a__ time to repopulate their species we will not have any fish to eat in the
Introduction Predation is a biological interaction between two organisms of different species in a community in which one acts as a predator and captures and feeds on the other, the prey. Predator-prey relationships keep animal populations in balance. When prey populations increase more food is available for predators, and they increase in number as well. An increase in predators triggers a decrease in prey populations. As prey populations decrease predator populations soon follow as their food supply diminishes.
Vision The U.S. Africa Command (USAFRICOM) commander’s vision is to foster a more stable region in West Africa where the sovereignty and security of all states are protected. In order to achieve this vision, USARFRICOM must help create conditions in which Nigeria no longer poses a threat to its neighbors and has been prevented from obtaining weapons of mass destruction (WMDs), while also denying violent extremist organizations (VEOs) the ability to conduct operations in the region. By removing these primary drivers of instability USAFRICOM will create the conditions for a more stable environment that supports greater economic development and prosperity. Introduction The environment in West Africa is increasingly fragile with states facing challenges that threaten stability across the region. The most significant regional challenge is Nigeria’s increasing aggressiveness toward its neighbors.
1. Define acronyms CRP, EDI, OSB, ECR and explain. CRP stands for "continuous replenishment program". CRP was a process that P&G created in order to increase logistic efficiency. The process consisted of using electronic data interchange (EDI), which is an electronic system that transmits data instantaneously from one business to another.
Introduction Role of fHbp in the immune evasion of N. meningitidis Tom Lotze Neisseria meningitides or meningococcus is well known for causing severe diseases such as meningitis and septic shock as a result of infection, both of which are highly mortal (Seib et al. 2009). Despite these serious consequences, N. meningitidis is part of the normal flora of the nasopharynx of 40% of adults worldwide, and the infection usually goes by asymptomatically (Schneider et al. 2007; Haralambous et al. 2006). However, when the bacterium breaches the nasopharynx epithelial cells and gets into the blood this can be highly dangerous for the host.
Patches are scattered around the habitat, and all patches are not of the same food quality (charnov 1976). Predators must use energy to find patches, as well as expend energy handling the food inside the patches (charnov 1976). The marginal value
The owners of Sisig sought to be the pioneer Filipino food company by providing unique and memorable customer experience to its clientele. The two individuals, Evan Kidera and Gil Payumo, focused on delivering innovative products and benefitting from a growing customer base. Specifically, being one of the food truck inventors in San Francisco, Senor Sisig had an obligation to revolutionize the sector (Kidera et al., 6). In fact, the decision to operate a unique operational model enabled the company to expand its services from one food truck to current three under its fleet. Through the provision of quality products, Senor Sisig has maximized its returns and continues to be the leading food truck establishment in the Bay Area.