The Great Pyramid is located on the Giza near the modern city of Cairo and was built between 2580 to 2560 B.C for Pharaoh Khufu of the 4th dynasty. There was no evident of why pyramids were built nor how they were built. Scientists have been spending years for studying pyramids and they come up with so many theories to explain the purpose of building the pyramid, but the most accepted one is explaining that the pyramid was built as a tomb for the king, Pharaoh. In the ancient Egyptian society, Egyptian believed that there was the Afterlife and they also believed that when Pharaoh passed away, the king started his journey from the Underworld and had to go pass twelve gates to complete some quests in order to be emerged as Ra, the Sun God. Therefore, when the king passed away, his body went through a process of mummification and was placed inside the pyramids.
Though it is not a wonder of the world, it is still a popular historical monument visited by an enormous amount of people each year. The pyramid of Khafre was built in 2570 BC, which was roughly 4500 years ago. Another alluring fact about this pyramid is that it was built to last for eternity which we can all hope will happen. Unfortunately, the treasures of the pyramid were purloined by 1000 BC and even the outer casing which was made of gleaming white limestone. Next, the Pyramid of Khafre has two openings to the burial chamber, scientists think there are two openings because while they were making the pyramid, they assumed that it would be bigger than in size, but it wasn’t.
Constructed between 2589 and 2504 B.C., the Egyptian pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, in-built that order, are a testament to ancient designing and engineering. How these pyramids were engineered may be a supply of speculation and dialogue. several researchers believe that a ramp system of some type was wont to move the blocks into place throughout construction. once the pyramids were completed they were incased in white sedimentary rock, most of that is lost nowadays. Recent analysis suggests that once the blocks were being rapt across the desert, alittle quantity of water was placed on the sand before of them, creating them easier to maneuver.
Mesopotamians and Egyptians believed that deities intervene again really in human affairs and that proper cultivation of the Gods was an important community responsibility. Before the creation of Egypt, Mesopotamia inhabitants have had the idea of worship in their lives for decades. With majority of the population of Mesopotamia being polytheistic (meaning believing in more than one “God”) there were many “gods” that were based on natural objects. One noted example of these worshipped “gods” was the “god of air” named Enlil, which he was considered one of the most powerful “god” in the Sumerian States. With having more than one “god” being worshipped by the people, many religions have been created in the future to be carried on to the other society, Egypt.
Its believed that each one of the three pyramids were made for three famous pharaohs, Khafre,Khufu and Menkaure. Personally I really don 't know how its possible for humans to physically build such huge monuments. The Great Pyramid is the largest in Giza, it stands at about 481 feet and its estimated 2.3 million stone blocks and each weigh an average of 2.5 to 15 tons. I feel like it don 't add up something just don’t make sense to me. A couple little things that I have on my mind so ,I watched a video on youtube and it showed the pyramids with more of a concrete mode, it was no concrete back then.
Dating ca. 2680 B.C.E (Aldred 1998 46), the pyramid is thought to have originally been planned as a mastaba which underwent six different stages in planning that would itself lead to a transition from mastaba to pyramid. The first stage was composed of a square mastaba-like structure of local stone dressed in fine Tura limestone from a quarry on the eastern side of the Nile, near Memphis (Edwards 35). In approximate association with the cardinal directions, a feature which later became prominent in royal Egyptian funerary architecture, it measured roughly eight meters in height with each side measuring 63 meters in length (Edwards 35). Stage two saw an extension on all four sides by four meters and a second dressing of Tura limestone was added (Edwards 36).
By the time the Old Kingdom came to an end, the interior walls of the pyramids were inscribed with several magic and ritual spells, which were referred to as the pyramid texts. The inscriptions were the oldest representatives of the Egyptian literature and were mainly engraved in vertical columns on the interior walls of every pyramid. They were also categorized into different spells of different lengths, varying from a few words to hundreds of words. Although the pyramid texts were mainly engraved in the royal tombs, they offer evidence of a less exclusive use (Faulkner 69). For instance, the majority of them were originally in the first person and meant to be spoken by the spirit of the deceased and, therefore, not limited to a specific person.
Some time after the destruction of the Elamite empire (c. 639 BCE) the fledgling tribal civilisation who called themselves Pārsa succeeded—the Medes as the region’s ruling power (Wiesehöfer 2001: 2). Pasargadae, the leading tribe of the Persians, had been the most notable tribe for three generations when, in the fourth generation, Cyrus II (559-530 BCE) emerged as the founder of the Persian Empire (Brosius 2007: 19). The kings of the first Persian dynasty, the Achaemenids, ruled from 560-330 BCE, and it is under their rule that Persepolis was built. Persepolis, both the city and its palace,was a symbol of the grandeur of the Persian Empire itself (Wiesehöfer 2001: 21). The palace at Persepolis was conceived by Darius I, c. 518 BCE, with the intent that it would become the seat of power for the empire.
The Great Pyramid of Giza, figure (3a), is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and also a symbol of Egypt. It was built in 2650 BCE and was considered to be the tallest structure ever made by human hands. By looking at a cross section through a pyramid, one can notice a triangle. This triangle in the Great Pyramid is known as the Triangle of Price or the Kepler triangle (shown in figure 3b). The Kepler Triangle is a right triangle with “edge lengths in geometric progression.” With figure (3b), the slant height is phi, the base is one, and the height is the square root of phi.
Also, the pyramids were constructed with limestones indicating that their Egyptian civilization is much more abundant than the city of Ur who used mud bricks or clay. Besides that, the ziggurats are usually built and placed at the center of the city as they are the architectural focus ,but as for the pyramids they were placed on the west side of the Nile river because that is where the sun sets,wherein they believed that it is the home for the