Fayol's 14 Universal Principles Of Management Essay

Table 1.1 Fayol’s 14 Universal Principles of Management

Lessons from the Universal Process Approach

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Fayol’s main contribution to management thought was to show how the complex management process can be separated into interdependent areas of responsibility, or functions. Fayol’s contention that management is a continuous process beginning with planning and ending with controlling also remains popular today. Contemporary adaptations of Fayol’s functions offer students of management process. Fayol’s functions, therefore, form a skeleton that needs to be fleshed out with concepts, techniques, and situational refinements from more modern approaches. The functional approach is useful because it specifies generally what managers should do, but the other approaches help explain why and how.

THE OPERATIONAL APPROACH

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The term operational approach is a convenient description of the production-oriented area of management dedicated to improving efficiency, cutting waste, and improving quality. Since the turn of the twentieth century, it has had a number of

As a manager at Midvale, Taylor was appalled at Industry’s unsystematic practices. He observe little, if any, cooperation between the managers and the laborers. Inefficiency and waste were rampant. Output restriction among groups of workers, which Taylor called “systematic soldiering” was widespread. Ill-equipped and inadequately trained workers were typically left on their own to determine how to do their jobs. Hence, the father of scientific management committed himself to the relentless pursuit of “finding a better way.” Taylor sought nothing less than what he termed a “mental revolution” in the practice of industrial