Features Of Colonialism

‘Colonialism’ can be described as a policy or practice of acquiring partial or complete control over another country with new setters called as colonizers and hence exploiting the colonized country economically. In other words it’s the expansion of colonies by people of one territory in other territory. The Colonial period in history referred from 15th century – 20th centuries when many European nations like Portuguese, Spain, France , Belgium , Britain, Germany, Italy etc started establishing their colonies in various continents. There were various reasons given for Colonialism example : profit making, expansion of power , religious and social benefits. However

Land is thus the key source for these large colonies. Settler colonialism takes place for long period of time and it lasts forever, although colonialism does end. Exploitative Colonialism contrast with the motive to exploit human resources. However as the time progressed both these types overlapped.

BEFORE THE EUROPEANS

Africans had varied of life under different kinds of governments ,before the Europeans came. Kings ruled some empires and democratic rule is followed in some states and some groups had no central government. Most of the Africans lied in small villages deep in forest and some Africans lied in great cities. The main occupation was hunting and some were skilled Artists who sculpted masks and statues of wood, gold and bronze.

SLAVE TRADE Long before Europeans arrived slavery existed in Europe. Thousands of slaves worked as servants, soldiers, and farm workers under the rulers of Songhai and Mali .Village raided one another to take captives and sell them. In the 1400s, however, Europeans introduced a form of slavery that devastated Africa life and

Industrial production, like all modes of production, requires human resources, capital resources, and natural resources. There was no shortage of labor in Europe. Two centuries of trade with Asia, the Americas, and Africa (including the Atlantic Slave Trade) had brought great profits to European traders. These profits provided the capital necessary to finance the industrial revolution. However , most of Europe was resource poor. Consequently, European industries were dependent on raw materials from Asia, the Americas, and Africa. For example, one of the earliest industries in Europe was the cotton textile industry, which helped stimulate the industrial revolution. The industry was completely dependent on imported cotton. As industrialization encouraged their governments to colonize African countries as a method of guaranteeing sources of raw materials.

2.NEED FOR MARKETS: By the late 19th century, the industries in Europe were producing more industrial goods than Europeans could consume . Consequently, industrialists sought markets for their goods around the world. As competition between industries for markets grew, industrialists encouraged their governments to undertake colonization of Africa on order to protect markets for