Feminist Narratology and its Significance to the present study
Feminist narratology is one of the strands of narratology and its tenets helped answer research questions. Feminist narratology is part of the reconceptualization of narratology.
It is expressed as transition from early structuralism studies of narrative which approached texts as objects that could be analyzed in scientific and systematic manner to a post-modern position where different kinds of questions are asked of the analysis, with the recognition that both the text and analysis cannot be neutral but may be ideologically loaded in some way (Currie, 1998).
According to Knutson (1989), gender / power relations are encoded in narrative form, and at the three levels of fabula, story, and text, feminist narratology can break the code. A female obstacle, at the level of fabula, frequently signifies patriarchal overwriting. A male subject with a female object and / or obstacle always indicates conformity with patriarchal gender, and may also mark the erasure of a female hero. At the story level, events are focalized through an external focalizer or character-focalizer who experiences the events of the fabula: Who is sensing, seeing, hearing and
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Since sampling technique is flexible and depends on the resources and time available for the researcher (Barasa, 2013). Two novels by Saadawi were considered sufficient to answer the research questions and meet the objectives of the study. In this regard, the study employed purposive sampling. The technique enabled the researcher to use cases that have the required information with respect to the research objectives and research questions of the study. The two novels by Saadawi, God Dies by the Nile (1985) and Woman at Point Zero (1982) were deliberately selected because they had the characteristics of focus for the
An archetype character in a film, book or television program can be related to anyone. In literature, an archetype is a typical character who acts or finds himself in a situation that seems to embody such recurring themes of human nature. Among those archetypes are feminist ideologies, which focus on gender inequality. Discrimination, objectification (especially sexual objectification), oppression, patriarchy, and stereotyping are all topics that feminist theory frequently examines. Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible uses archetypes and feminist theories to help in better understanding.
In the story “The Story of an Hour” Mrs. Mallard thinks her husband dies from getting in an accident and she doesn't react like people think she should. The feminist lens is represented through most of the story. The feminist lens looks at how women are supposed to act and be in society and focuses on if the do a action that is manly or not. In the story when Mrs. Mallard’s husband dies she hides how she truly feels from everyone else and goes in a room to express it. She doesn’t cry forever she only cries for a little bit.
The prejudice that the author brings forward strongly is the notion of feminism. The author’s main purpose of writing this novel is to examine the role of women played around
Castellanos was joined by other feminists and writers of her era, who always encouraged women to write about women. She thought that only a woman could successfully and accurately project the thought and emotions of a women. It was commonly felt that men’s portrayal of women was superficial and insulting as it focused purely on appearance and their own idyllic views on what a woman should be, look and act like. ‘Negotiation of gender is a part of that fragmentation, in that the re-writing of women by men makes them nothing more than ‘acesario inventado por la imaginacion
If reading from a feminist lens, the male is seen as a power controlling evil individual, and all of the females are powerless, as well as naïve and dependent on the males. If reading from a biographical lens, the various parallels between Hulga and O’Connor surface, implying that the story is a fictional retelling of the author’s life. If reading with a reader response lens, the reader controls the meaning of the story, but this can be done in two ways. If looking for general information, the reader controls the intermediate knowledge, and supplements another theory. If looking for general interpretations, the reader analyzes a controversial comment, and based on their background and history, interprets the comment in a certain way.
Truth showed her audience just how important women are and she tries to extend her claim to the audience to make them feel as entitled as they should be. This piece of rhetorical literature was formed to anger her audience and make them see the ethics behind the importance of women’s role in the
Iraq: The Women’s Story In this documentary, two Iraqi women takes a journey through Iraq, risking their lives, to get inside perspective from Iraqi women, on the aftermath of the 2003 invasion. The women of Iraq voices are rarely heard. This documentary gives them a voice to speak out against their oppression. These are stories of the lives of every day Iraqi women, living amongst turmoil, struggling to take care of themselves and their families.
The story “A Story in an Hour” was written by Kate Chopin, a recently recognized feminist writer. In this short story we find four characters, the protagonist Louise Mallard a women with heart problems that cannot get overly excited or extremely sad situations. Brently Mallard Louise’s husband, a kind and loving man. Josephine Louise’s sister cares very deeply about her sister and helps Louise with her heart problems. Finally Richards, he is Brently’s friend he is present during one of Louise’s, supposedly, difficult moments.
Throughout history, women have made a name for themselves. By rising up and fighting for something that they believed in, the Mirabal sisters made a name for themselves in the Dominican Republic and in Julia Alvarez’s novel In the Time of the Butterflies. By applying a theory to a novel, readers can relate the book to the world they are living in today (Davidson). Feminism can be defined as a dynamic philosophy and social movement that advocates for human rights and gender equality (“Feminism”). Feminist Theory involves looking at how women in novels are portrayed, how female characters are reinforcing stereotypes or undermining them, and the challenges that female characters face (Davidson).
Authors, especially female authors, have long used their writing to emphasize and analyze the feminist issues that characterize society, both in the past and the present. Kate Chopin, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and Susan Glaspell wrote narratives that best examined feminist movements through the unreliable minds of their characters. In all three stories, “The Story of an Hour”, “The Yellow Wallpaper”, and “A Jury of Her Peers”, the authors use characterization, symbolism, and foreshadowing to describe the characters’ apparent psychosis or unreasonable behavior to shed light on the social issues that characterized the late 19th century and early 20th century. Penning many stories that demonstrate her opinions on the social issues of the era,
This shows more leniency towards the female by O’ Connor. Therefore, the gender roles in the story greatly portray the theme of human nature which is created through O’Connor’s use of the
When analyzing the characters of the Handmaid's Tale and the Scarlet Letter through the feminist lense, sexism has become so internalized that women work to maintain the system through prejudice and belittling one another for not fulfilling orthodox gender roles.
The topic I chose to conduct my research on is the short story “The Story of an Hour”, by Kate Chopin. While reading this story the deeper meaning may not be initially apparent, but after some careful analyzation it is clear what led to Mrs. Mallard’s demise. I have chosen to conduct my research on “The Story of an Hour” because I previously studied it in my Intro to Fiction course last semester and it’s impactful message stood out. The deeper message being communicated through “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin is how oppression by patriarchal forces hinders female independence.
The role of women in literature crosses many broad spectrums in works of the past and present. Women are often portrayed as weak and feeble individuals that submit to the situations around them, but in many cases women are shown to be strong, independent individuals. This is a common theme that has appeared many times in literature. Across all literature, there is a common element that causes the suffering and pain of women. This catalyst, the thing that initiates the suffering of women, is essentially always in the form of a man.
This novel is also autobiographical. Throughout history, women have been locked in a struggle to free themselves from the borderline that separates and differentiate themselves from men. In many circles, it is agreed that the battleground for this struggle and fight exists in literature. In a