According to contemporary gender role ideology, gender roles have been and still are constantly changing. Londa Schiebinger in her book Has Feminism Changed Science also expresses similar views and enunciates that gendered characteristics – typically masculine or feminine behaviors, interests, or values – are not innate, nor are they arbitrary. They are formed by historical circumstances. They can also change with historical circumstances. Women’s writing and feminists have also questioned all such existing view points, that are essentially ‘patriarchal and conventional’ in nature.
The concept of feminism is correlated to the issue of gender balance. As advocated for in the gender concept, the female gender needs empowerment in order to compete fairly with the male gender. The social structure has numerous opportunities that women can exploit. The only way to turn the concept of feminism into reality is by empowering women and giving them the platform to exercise their potential. Gender, Ethnography, and Feminism The three concepts are related and are closely observed in any given society.
it. 2002, p. 327). Moreover, since postmodern thinking investigates the social role of representation, the arists started to underline its ambiguity among the consumer society, revealing on one hand the rapid and inevitable separation between image and reality, on the other taking distance from one of the fundaments assigned to the artwork: the creative originality. ‘everything can be collected and re-used in another context, everything is on the same level, on an absolute surface that does not entail either ‘out’ or ‘depth’ underlines Elio Grazioli. (1998, p. 294).
Science fictional writings have been utilized to critique the past through the introduction of experimental ideals. According to Gwyneth Jones, this is done through the portrayal of extraterrestrial societies in a “frozen past of their real world counterparts” (1997). Gender and its associated inequalities between males and females is an idea critiqued through the genre. Historically, women have filled roles of reproduction and beauty while men have been associated with physical and intellectual dominance. The twentieth century, however, was marked by a transition from traditional roles to those of a more equitable nature among the genders.
However, in response to stratification theories second wave feminists have countered that through the example of gender inequalities, class analysis still maintains its relevance (Crompton, 1989, 564). Baxter (1988, 106) validated this stance by arguing that gender based inequalities are an inherent feature of class systems whereby “women’s position in the class structure is determined both by class exploitation and by gender domination, and class theory needs to take both into account”. Thus, the intersection of class analysis and gender advocates a micro-sociological perspective that seeks to discuss perpetual contemporary societal inequalities in a manner that has been largely unobtainable through traditional class analysis. By first understanding the incorporation of gender and class analysis it can be argued that through the domains of family, the workforce, and society, a revised intersectional class analysis can be used to understand the reproduction of inequalities in contemporary
Even if feminists fight for gender equality, there are still different ways and various ideas that comprise this said theory. It’s still an ongoing process up to this day. Feminism is not just about the difference of gender, but also about the responsibility of each person to accept and respect one another regardless of differences. Furthermore, this aims to help in developing and opening mindset about freedom and other abilities in taking constructive actions through learning and applying philosophy (Grosz, 2010). It is therefore a unique form of learning and teaching way because it focuses mainly on gender and also aligns itself in different critical pedagogy like ethnicity, races, globalization and the
Cheek and Gough lies at the heart of the discussion that “postmodernist perspectives in social inquiry are not a uniform set of shared assumptions but, rather, a loose collection of ways of thinking about how to go beyond modernist perspectives without producing alternative metanarratives. On this ground, it is prominent that the postmodernist perspective seeks to instill doubt upon the subject or audience. The postmodernist perspective, in other words, means the freedom that is given to an individual to perceive things beyond what has been considered to be a rule or norm. The postmodernist perspective delivers the idea about the restructuring of political, social as well as cultural boundaries while at the same time recognizing and redefining
At the same time, demonstrates that women must be treated similarly as men as they are not differentiated in the contexts of skills and capabilities. However, it is observed in varied theories that in some manners, women are dissimilar from men, but these aspects does not includes deficiencies and weaknesses and when the law refers for them appropriately, this endorses widely acknowledged notions of justice and equality. The most significant law and practical demonstration of Feminist Legal Theory have primarily specified in the family, employment and criminal law arenas. These varied sites of the feminist law focused to have highly important and extensive associations to the general population of women. Essential theoretical feminist work has also been done in legal implications like tax law, property, and corporate law.
The debate between masculinity and femininity is nothing new in this society. Feminist have claimed that sociology in the past was controlled by male sociologists and thus have made distorted truth about the society as its consequence. Some sociologists may have taken too lightly regarding the issue of gender roles which cause uproar from the feminist’s perspectives. However, there are different sociologists such as the functionalist, Marxists that may view and interpret differently in gender roles. No doubt those criticisms are involved in this matter of different theories and perspectives.
1. INTRODUCTION Feminism foresees a genderless area where women should be perceived as equal to males. Femininity has been socially crafted due to the idea that men are perceived superior above women. Open-minded feminism quarrels that gender contrasts are not established in biology hence on the society’s comprehension of gender. Women and men are not disparate as they are both able to envision therefore no variation of gender ought to be imposed.