Essay On Mode Of Intoxication

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Classification OP compounds and are classified into 3 groups. 1. Highly toxic compounds These are commonly used as agricultural insecticides. Fenthion, which this patient ingested, belongs to this group. 2. Intermediately toxic compounds: Eg. coumaphos- Used as animal insecticides 3. Low toxicity: e.g. malathion Used for household application and as field sprays. Mode of intoxication Intoxication by OP poisoning occurs via several routes. 1. Absorption via gastro intestinal system and respiratory tract. via skin - handlers and sprayers. 2. Inhalation during spraying under improper conditions. accidental – During storage. during chemical warfare. 2 3 The commonest method of intoxication seen in hospital practice is absorption via …show more content…

Oxidation 2. Hydrolysis by esterases 3. Transfer of metabolites to glutathione Elimination of metabolites occurs mainly in the urine and feces. Eighty to 90% of most compounds are eliminated within 48 hours. 2 A small proportion of OP compounds and their active forms are eliminated unchanged in urine. Fenthion (compound ingested by this patient) persist in the body tissues for longer periods (several weeks) giving rise to persistent or prolonged symptoms and signs. Mechanism of action Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released at all postganglionic parasympathetic nerve endings and at the synapses of both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia. It is also released at the skeletal muscle myoneural junction, and serves as a neuro transmitter in the CNS. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) is responsible for degradation of acetylcholine at these sites. Inhibition of AchE results in prolonged post synaptic cholinergic transmission time and protracted cholinergic over stimulation. OP compounds react competitively with AchE for binding to Ach receptors and firmly or irreversibly phosphorylated. Unlike Ach the stable phosphorous - enzyme bond requires a period of 60 minutes to several weeks for

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