Filtration Research Paper

Filtration is a term used to describe the mechanism of fluid loss to the formation through the inability of the mud to form a low permeable filter cake. When mud is circulated during drilling operations the mud comes into contact with different zones and parts of the reservoir thereby communicating with foreign materials which causes undesirable changes in mud properties such as viscosity, density and filtration. The occurrence of an adjustment or change in permeability of the formation at the wellbore is most regularly identified with the impacts of the invasion related with borehole filtration. As filtration continues the filtrate, with its accompanying fine particles, creates an invaded zone. Inside that zone the efficiency

It is the impairment of permeability to reservoir rocks hence, reduced natural productivity of the reservoir caused by wellbore fluids used during drilling/completion and workover operations. Drilling fluids can be called the “blood” in drilling industry(Meng et al., 2012), playing a major role in drilling activities. This is on the grounds that drilling fluids perform important tasks, such as lubricating the drill bit, providing hydrostatic pressure, and removal of drilling cuttings from the well bore, also another important function of the drilling fluid is to stop compacted clay minerals, commonly encountered during drilling activities, from taking up water from the drilling fluids and, thus, swelling(Suter et al., 2011). Filtration of drilling mud which causes the problem of formation damage above is basically the loss of fluid used during drilling operations (mud) to the formation, it occurs in zones where the permeability is in such a way that it would allow fluid to pass through it, into its pore

Filtrate is the liquid which passes through into the formation, leaving the filter cake on the wall of the wellbore. Normally tests are run on drilling mud to determine its filtration rate and filter cake permeability. The properties of the cake are very important because the filter cake that forms on the wall of the wellbore can cause stuck pipe and other drilling problems, so properties like Filter cake thickness, toughness slickness and permeability must be considered. We can have a reduced oil production as a result of damage to the reservoir when a very poor filter cake is formed and it allows deep filtrate invasion. The filter cake grows thicker in the course of filtration especially when the mud isn’t circulation (static friction), which leads to a reduction in the loss of fluid with time. The filtration and wall building qualities of a drilling mud are vital for giving a relative measure of the amount of drilling mud filtrate invasion into a permeable and porous formation. On the other hand, Dynamic filtration reaches a consistent rate when the erosion rate of the filter cake due to circulation matches the deposition rate of the