Financial Management Assignment: Related To Financial Management

The capital business sector is the business sector for securities, where organizations and the legislature can raise long haul stores. The capital business sector incorporates the stock exchange what 's more, the security market. Money related controllers, for example, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, direct the capital markets in their individual nations to guarantee that financial specialists are ensured against extortion. The capital markets comprise of the essential business sector, where new issues are appropriate to financial specialists, and the optional business sector, where existing securities are exchanged. (n.d.).

Securities are typically divided into debts and equities. (FASB ASC 320-10-15-5). A debt security represents money borrowed that must be paid as well as “any security representing a creditor relationship with an entity. Debt securities include preferred stock, government and corporate bonds, U.S. treasury securities etc.” (FASB ASC 320-10-20 Glossary). Equity security represents ownership interest held by shareholders in a corporation.

Corporations have three methods available for raising new capital in the free enterprise system. retained earnings- putting money from the company’s profits back into the business after taxes and dividends, if any, have been paid borrowing- taking out loans or issuing bonds which are sold to investors equity financing- issuing new shares of stocks Although we frequently hear the words “stocks and bonds” use together, these two types of securities differ significantly. A person who buys a bond essentially is lending money to the issuer of a bond (usually a company or a branch of government). The issuer of a bond promises to repay the amount of a loan at a specific time (called the date of the bond’s maturity). Between the time the loan is made and the date of maturity, the issuer also promises to pay the bondholder a specified amount of interest at specified

Introduction “Capital market is a market where buyers and sellers engage in trade of financial securities like bonds, stocks, etc. The buying/selling is undertaken by participants such as individuals and institutions.” (Times, n.d.) As it describe capital market is the market which trade with the medium-long-term financing, the trade usually use the securities such as bonds,stock etc. The actor of the capital market are the companies but the intitution also use the capital market, such as the government. How does the capital market work ? The capital market consist with the two markets, the primary market and secondary market.

It stands for ‘Collateral Debt Obligation’ and stands as an asset that can be sold off by banks to gain security against the failure of payment. Basically, in the backdrop of increasing loaning on mortgages, the banks decided to create a derivative in the form of selling CDOs to investors, who have interest in buying these CDOs, in order to amass the payment and interest from the mortgagees. These securities are rated by credit rating agencies. The investors depend upon these ratings to purchase securities on prime mortgages. CDOs can be made up of any type of debt, in the form of bonds or loans.” These obligations are then divided into slices that contain debts with various levels of risk.

The Licensee purchases mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) from market participants and performs servicing activities on behalf of investors, including the FNMA, FHLMC, GNMA, and private-label securitizations (non-agency). The Licensee also provides servicing for mortgage servicing rights acquired from third parties or contributed by affiliates. Caliber Home Loans, Inc. has warehouse lines of credit agreements with Credit Suisse (950,000,000), Citibank (400,000,000), UBS (500,000,000) Morgan Stanley (400,000,000), Bank of America Merrill Lynch (600,000,000), and Barclays (500,000,000). The Licensee originated and/or funded 385 North Dakota loans in the amount of $69,817,319 as of year-end 2014 and 452 North Dakota loans in the amount of $83,573,302 as of year-end

First, loans, leases and mortgages are transformed to tradable instruments through securitization. Second, their funding is conducted in capital markets with commercial papers and repos. In this case, savers direct their money to money market funds instead of depositing at traditional banks. The whole process is performed in several steps through a chain of non-bank financial intermediaries in contrast to a single bank in traditional credit intermediation. Moreover, the process is performed in a strict and sequential order and each step is conducted by a specific entity (a shadow bank).

The company had a global footprint with offices in New York and Chicago, Bermuda, Toronto, London, Paris, Mumbai, Singapore, Sydney, Taipei, Tokyo, Hong Kong and Dubai. It operated on more than 70 exchanges, and was the largest single broker on most of the leading platforms including the CME and Eurex. It was announced on Nov. 2, 2011 that the MF Global bankruptcy case had been assigned to U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Martin Glenn in Manhattan. MF Global Inc.’s case docket was opened in bankruptcy court after being transferred from U.S. district court. Series of events of MF Global * July 2007: Man Financial, the brokerage division of U.K. hedge fund manager Man Group plc, is spun off in an initial public offering at the height of the boom in derivatives trading and renamed MF Global.

In this film by PBS it shows the one of the major causes of the 2008 FInancial Crisis; the Credit Default Swaps. The credit default swaps were created by JP Morgan. A credit default swap according to Investopedia is, “A credit default swap is a particular type of swap designed to transfer the credit exposure of fixed income products between two or more parties. In a credit default swap, the buyer of the swap makes payments to the swap’s seller up until the maturity date of a contract. In return, the seller agrees that, in the event that the debt issuer defaults or experiences another credit event, the seller will pay the buyer the security’s premium as well all interest payments that would have been paid between that time and the security’s maturity date.” The credit default swaps created a housing bubble as banks were now able to trade mortgages and offer more money at what they thought was low-risk.

The Role of Cash Reserves in Fractional Reserve Banking 1. Introduction The essay seeks to explain the function that cash reserves play in the fractional reserve banking system. Two types of banks operate in this banking system, monetary savings banks and private commercial banks, both banks are unique in a sense of their ability to create money. This ability is explained that, these banks keep fraction of their outstanding deposits liabilities as cash in reserves against these deposits in the process of providing loans and spending. The focus of the essay will be on commercial banks, as they have added odd ability of money creation with its own debt.