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Fish Body Composition Of Fish

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Introduction
Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical Africa in the Volta, Gambia, Senegal, Niger Rivers and the Nile River basin and is native to Lakes Chad, Tanganyika, Albert, Edward, and Kivu (Shipton et al., 2004; Njir et al., 2004).
Ethiopia has relatively large area of inland water bodies that contain diverse aquatic ecosystems giving great scientific interest and economic importance. There are different economically and ecologically important species of fish that are found in these water bodies. Adult Oreochromis niloticus have a high degree of plasticity and opportunism in their feeding behaviour and are hence classified as omnivorous (Jauncey, 1998). They are capable of consuming a wide …show more content…

Body composition is an important aspect of nutritional quality (Breck, 2014) and affects the nutritional value and consumption quality of fish (Azam et al., 2004). Fish fillet consists of several components, such as moisture, protein, fats, vitamins and minerals, all of which contribute to the overall meat composition. Fish body composition is affected by both exogenous and endogenous factors (Huss, 1995). Exogenous factors that affect fish body composition include the diet of the fish (composition, frequency) and the environment in which it is found (salinity, temperature). The main exogenous factor affecting proximate composition is diet. Various studies have examined the effects of temperature, light, salinity, pH and oxygen concentration on the proximate composition of fish but these factors would seem to have very limited effects. On the other hand, endogenous factors are genetic and linked to the life stage, age, size, sex and anatomical position in the fish (Huss, 1995). These endogenous factors govern the majority of principles that determines the composition of fish (Huss, 1995). Proximate composition of body muscles of Puntius stigma (male and female) analyzed shows that the moisture content was found to be higher in female, while protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate and minerals contents were higher in male. Moreover, different sexes were observed to have varying chemical composition (Biro et al.,

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