Flory-Huggins Theory Research Paper

What supports this possibility was the fact the product was unable to be 100% dried. This resulted in a material that was more like slightly wet clay then a solid crystal and possibly contain petroleum ether which would result in a lower melting point. Another possible reason was the final product was not, in fact, triphenylmethanol, un pure or

12. The TLC data obtained is provided in a table below. The TLC data was conducted solely in a 9:1 hexane/ethyl acetate solvent solution as opposed to the 1:1 and pure hexane solution as well. This was due to the lack of time, but as explained in number 7, a very polar solvent (1:1 solution) or non-polar solvent (pure hexane) is not ideal when obtaining

TLC, NMR, and IR spectroscopy were used throughout the process to identify ferrocene and acetylferrocene in addition to evaluating the levels of purity. Evidence: The objective of our experiments was to prepare acetylferrocene from ferrocene. The overall reaction was carried out using 6.1 equivalents of liquid acetic anhydride to 1.8 equivalents of phosphoric acid and concluded with an aqueous workup with NaOH. The initial reaction mixture containing ferrocene, acetic anhydride, and phosphate acid was mixed on a hot stir plate. During this period, reflux was observed, and the mixture appeared dark brown in color.

The data cannot be used solely for identification of the unknowns because Raoult’s law can only be applied to ideal solutions where the intermolecular forces between like and unlike molecules are considered equivalent. This is definitely not the case in the laboratory, so the presence of impurities and their resultant intermolecular interactions may mean that the boiling point of what is considered compound A is not equivalent to the literature boiling point value of a compound. As a result, data from the GC chromatograms must also be

The actual yield is directly taken from the mass of the products in the experiment while the theoretical yield is determined by using stoichiometric calculations. To determine the theoretical yield, the reactants should be converted from grams to moles based on the coefficients in the chemical equation and the moles should be incorporated into the mass of the reactants. When calculated, this would give rise to the theoretical

3.1 ABSTRACT The intermolecular interactions in the N-methylformamide with acetophenone, cyclic ketones (cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone) binary liquid systems are studied in combined experimental and computational methodology. The speed of sound (u), density (ρ) and viscosity ( ) values are measured for binary mixtures of N-methylformamide with ketones over the entire range of mole fraction at temperatures T= (303.15 to 318.15) K, at atmospheric pressure. From the experimental results, the values of excess molar volume ( ), excess isentropic compressibility (κsE), deviation in viscosity (η) and excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow ( ) are evaluated. The experimental results indicate the intermolecular association between the binary liquid

Abstract In this experiment, the reaction kinetics of the hydrolysis of t-butyl chloride, (CH3)3CCl, was studied. The experiment was to determine the rate constant of the reaction, as well as the effects of solvent composition on the rate of reaction. A 50/50 V/V isopropanol/water solvent mixture was prepared and 1cm3 of (CH3)3CCl was added. At specific instances, aliquots of the reaction mixture were withdrawn and quenched with acetone. In addition, phenolphthalein was added as an indicator.

He explains that if mind and body were two existing substances, they would be so different that they could not interact (Prop.2). This interaction of thought to body or vise versa couldn 't exist since no common ground resides. But may believe even Descartes isn’t exactly clear on the inner working of the relationship (Robinson, Howard). Spinoza’s substance monism cleverly dissolves this issue by labeling mind (thought) and body (extension) as attributes to a common and singular substance. Other substance pluralist philosophies are also denied when we truly capture the infinite extent of

Table 1.A was constructed in order to represent the resultant amounts of NaOH that were used and their respective time that they were added, as well as the amounts of sample and acetone that were mixed, and Calculations 1.A shows the calculations used to find the concentrations of HCl at different times, which is needed for the calculation of the rate constant. Graph 1.A represents the plot of kinetic data from the recorded results seen in this experiment, and this graph also includes the calculated slope, which is used

Different result was encountered with the temperature as it was decreasing with time . An important issue limiting the applicability of the TDR is the effect of the main assumption (of the device run) that only the real part of the dielectric permittivity determines the value of the TDR-measured apparent dielectric permittivity. This statement is not applicable for conductive soils (clay soils) or where high concentrations of electrolyte are present in the soil solution (saline soils) because, under these conditions, the contribution of the imaginary part is important (Bittelli et al., 2008; Topp et al., 2000). As a concise conclusion, no theoretical data is given or calculated to know if the measurement is precise, however, lots of factors could affect the measurement. One of the main effects of dielectric losses on the TDR measurement is overestimation of WC.