Thus, it is seen that fluid flow in continuous casting plays an important role in determining the quality of cast slab. Realizing this several researchers have attempted to study fluid flow in various in various stages of the continuous casting process. Study of fluid flow in continuous casting is made difficult by the temperature of the process and the opacity of the molten metal which prevents direct visual observation of molten metal flow in the ladle, tundish and the mold. To overcome these difficulties researchers have used the techniques of water modeling [8-12] and mathematical modeling [13-15]. In water modeling, the flow of molten steel is simulated by the flow of water at room temperature. In order to obtain direct quantitative information …show more content…
In this work attention was devoted to the literature available for the complete understanding of the continuous casting steel making process. Also, the behavior of melt flow and the effect of various parameters on mixing phenomenon that occurs during grade change process in sequential casting of different grades have been discussed. The aim of present work is to analyze mixing in the tundish during the grade change operation in continuous casting steel making process. The effects of flow modifiers on the quantity of mixed grade produced due to mixing in the tundish have been analyzed with the help of simulation. An experimental set up has been fabricated for water modeling of steel flow characteristics within the …show more content…
In a continuous casting process, different grades of steel have to be cast in a sequence in a sequence, preferably without stopping the caster. During this process, due to continuous casting operation of the tundish and the mold, a certain amount of intermixing takes place of two grades being cast in sequence, this intermixing may result in the casting of a certain amount of steel whose composition lies outside specification of the old or new grade. In general this steel has to be downgraded. The extent of mixing between the grades is determined by the fluid flow patterns within the tundish and mold. It is desirable to reduce the amount of intermixed grade cast so as to minimize wastage of energy, material and manpower and to improve the economics of the steelmaking operation. Intermixing can be minimized by varying casting parameters. To do this effectively, a detailed knowledge of effect of various casting parameters on the fluid flow and mixing in tundish and the mold is required
B) Briefly describe each method, including the specific types of scientific tools and equipment used. Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale:
In the piece “Stainless steel all along the soda fountain”, Wah uses soda fountain as a symbolism to express the joyfulness and struggle of his hyphen identity. Wah’s father instructed him to keep the soda fountain clean, taught him to utilize the equipment, and finally Wah surpasses his father by making the soda fountain the “smoothest, shiniest, snazziest soda fountain in town” (41) and creating his own special. Wah comes to his own identity that he emphasises his struggles of adhering to western modernity, and expresses his calm facade and his rebelliousness inside him.
This work has proven to be extremely educational to readers, used as a reference in order to achieve their own analytical studies through the techniques
The reference material used to construct this investigation has been drawn from a collection of primary and secondary
The United States of America is one of the most technologically and industrially advanced nations in the world, but that was not always the case. At the start of the Civil War in 1861 the United States was little more than a nation of farmers, but by the time the Spanish-American war began in 1898 the country was one of the most advanced nations in the world. This begs the question, what exactly enabled the United States to be able to industrialize so quickly and efficiently? The industrial growth in the United States of America during the late 1800’s was caused by entrepreneurs, an evolving population, and government assistance.
Molecular analysis is a well-known method and recently used by researchers. Using this
This leads the authors to perform a study with the attempt of
In order to determine whether or not there is a still a strong
(Plato 91[III.415a-b]). This mixture Socrates speaks of must be watched carefully. The citizens would have to give that person the appropriate title and or job based on the type of metal they have or are mixed with. It is not a bad thing to be mad with multiple metals.
The four test specimens are all made from cold drawn steel. When steel is cold drawn, the crystal structure changes and creates stress. The stress in the grains can be reduced by the process of annealing. Quenching creates small stresses because carbon does not have time to escape. The annealing process is when
The Article “Finding Flow” by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, expresses the choice we have in life to live or die until the end of days. He shows how we take control of our own destiny, and to not let distractions get in the way of our accomplishment. Csikszentmihalyi portrays that everyone has a different idea of accomplishment and goals, but living life to the fullest is shared by many. By saying this he means don’t waste your potential by letting side issues get in the way. In the article Csikszentmihalyi mentions a study held in a factory where most welders hated their jobs and found no passion in it.
TABLE OF VARIABLES Independent Variable Method of measurement Concentration of HCl
The internal standard method allows a very accurate analysis to be performed, since the behaviour of the species of interest is compared to that of a known substance which is present in a specified amount. It is usual to include an identical volume or mass of the internal standard into each prepared standard. This facilitates easier calculations of the composition of the
Drawing & Commercial Production Process. • In case Suppliers come across issues during Commercial Production then it takes time to adjust the
Lab Report Title: – Osmosis Visking tube lab Research Question: Does increasing the level of sucrose increase the procedure of osmosis? Introduction: This experiment is called the osmosis visking tube.