The National Food Security Act 2013
An Analysis of this Policy from Various Perspectives, and locating it within the framework of Actor-Centered Institutionalism
Abstract: This brief seeks to look at the National Food Security Act from a historical perspective, analyse the costs and benefits associated with the Act, explore what political pressures existed that led to the passage of the act, understand the legal basis behind the act, scrutinise how decisions should be made in the context of the delivery mechanism, what the planning and implementation tools are, how
Introduction:
The National Food Security Act
A Brief History of Food Security in India, and the Right to Food Campaign leading to the National Food Security Act
India, due to its dependence on seasonal monsoons and consequent uncertain harvests, has always been prone to famines. Food security systems were first placed in response to the famine of 1876 in India, wherein a relief package that included the direct provision of food grains to deprived families was incorporated by the British Raj. There were twenty famines between 1860 and 1909, and the Bengal Famine of 1943 that claimed nearly
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According to this system, deserving families were granted a fixed amount of cereals, in specified cities. It first began in Bombay and subsequently 13 cities were identified. By 1946, 771 cities were covered.
The rationing system was modified to form the Public distribution system, that was introduced as a policy keeping in line with goals of social justice, in 1951. This system utilised a welfare-based approach to food security. However this was plagued by insufficient production and there was an immediate need to re-examine the PDS system.
By the end of the Second Five Year Plan, PDS had changed from the typical rationing system to a social safety system, making available food grains at a 'fair price' so that access of
Nicholas Kristof is a two-time Pulitzer prizewinning books and “Prudence or Cruelty” was feature in the New York Times in 2013. In “Prudence or Cruelty” it discuss the potential of ridding our society of food stamps to help boost our economy. Children everyday wonder when, not what, their next meal will be. As sad as it sounds, but “5 percent of American households have very low food security” (Kristof 172). This basically means the household can run out of food whenever, and this usually leads to a parent not eating to make sure their kids have enough to eat.
By challenging common assumptions and being ethical he effectively claims that the solution to solving these global hunger problems is foreign assistance. Paarlberg shows Pathos, Ethos and Logos through the thought of unravelling worldwide starvation by being realistic of the view on pre-industrial food and farming. Pathos is clearly evident in Paarlberg’s article through the presentation of the food insecurity problem in Africa and Asia. He uses impassioned words as an attempt to reach out to his target audience on a more emotional level by agitating and drawing sympathy of whole food shoppers and policy makers. Paarlberg employs Pathos during the article when he says, “The majority of truly undernourished people -- 62 percent, according to the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization -- live in either Africa or South Asia, and most are small farmers or rural landless laborers living in the countryside of Africa and South Asia” (page 611-12).
A disaster that left over one million people in Ireland dead from disease and starvation with another one million people, in a population of just over eight million, escaping the starvation of the famine and disease through emigration. The aim of this essay is to look specifically at the excess mortality rates in Ireland as opposed to mortality in Scotland, which
How did the government make the famine worse? They worsened it in three ways: moving people, taking away food, and taking away aid. One way the government made the famine worse was by moving people. According to Document A and C the government just moved people from areas with a lot of famine to areas with low famine.
We live in a world where marine life eat our trash, while at the same time, people go days without having something to eat. It is a sad but devastating reality. Everyday the world’s oceans continue to become a universal junkyard. Marine pollution continues to grow exponentially on the one resource that separates us from the rest of the universe. On land, there is a different problem.
World hunger has always been a problem that has plagued humanity, and through the years, it has remained an almost impossible problem to solve. However, industrialized agriculture has become a possible solution to world hunger with its ability to produce more food on less land than traditional methods. Industrialized agriculture is the solution Robert Paarlberg offers in his article, “Attention Whole Food Shoppers” which first appeared in April 2010 edition of Foreign Policy. Paarlberg attempts to use specific criteria to demonstrate the benefits of industrialized agriculture, such as its impacts on world hunger, the income gap, and global politics. Paarlberg was to an extent successful at proving his points and persuading his intended audience.
The French and Indian War left England with a debt of £130,000,000. To help pay off the debt Britain set up taxes, to collect money, on frequently used products by the colonists. The Molasses Act put a six pence tax on every gallon of molasses. The colonists thought this was a lot of money to pay so they did everything to avoid it. This act was not really enforced and the colonists did not really obey this act.
Coffin ships were overcrowded ships where death and disease was common (Donnelly, pg. 179). About 1.8 million people either died or emigrated by 1851 (Great Famine, par. 5). Many of the Irish moved to the United States’ big cities (Carruth, par. 5). The Potato Famine was a dark time in the history of Ireland.
Some people felt rationing was unfair because some of the goods such as eggs, butter, and milk they felt could be obtained in rural areas without coupons. In order to preserve fuel for airplanes and tanks sightseeing and car
The Pure Food and Drug act of 1906 was the 1st consumer protection law by the Federal Government, this act was passed by President Theodore Roosevelt. The main purpose of the Pure Food and Drug act was to prohibit transportation of contaminated, poisonous, and misbranded foods, drugs, medicines and liquors. Without the pure food and drug act our food, medication, and other product would be filled with dangerous chemicals that would have harm in our health and potentially cause death. Before the 20th century, there were no laws or regulations that protected Americans from hazardous foods and medicines. This meant that there were no restrictions of what chemicals could be put in one’s food or medicine, leaving the open to mass deaths of contaminated or poisonous products.
Nearly half of America’s food goes to waste every year. Feeding America is an organization that specializes in fighting hunger and helping people that don’t have food. 42 million people face hunger in the U.S. today including nearly 13 million children and more than five million seniors. Hunger knows no boundaries, it touches every community in the U.S., including your own. Volunteers power the Feeding America network.
In the world, there are one billion people undernourished and one and a half billion more people overweight. In this day and age, where food has become a means of profit rather than a means of keeping people thriving and healthy, Raj Patel took it upon himself to explore why our world has become the home of these two opposite extremes: the stuffed and the starved. He does so by travelling the world and investigating the mess that was created by the big men (corporate food companies) when they took power away from the little men (farmers and farm workers) in order to provide for everyone else (the consumers) as conveniently and profitably as possible. In his book Stuffed and Starved: The Hidden Battle for the World Food System, Patel reveals his findings and tries to reach out to people not just as readers, but also as consumers, in hopes of regaining control over the one thing that has brought us all down: the world food system.
The Food Industry The food industry is the worldwide diversified industry which has to do with anything relevant with food from food education to marketing but principally the industry produces and or provides food to essentially all people on the planet. The only people who are excluded from the food industry are self-sustaining farmers and hunter-gatherers. It is one of the largest industries in the world and continues to grow because people need food and the population is increasing every day. In America, the food industry possesses such an important role, yet there are so many problems within the industry which is ruining the society as we know it.
What is Processed Food? The term ‘processed food’ applies to any food that has been changed from its natural state in some way, either for safety reasons or convenience. Some foods need processing to make them safe, such as milk, which needs to be pasteurized to remove harmful bacteria. Other foods need processing to make them suitable for use, such as pressing seeds to make oil.
“Food entitlement decline theory” has been criticized for its focus only on the economic aspect of famine and its failure to recognize the social and political aspect. First he fails to recognize individuals as socially embedded members of households, communities and states. Second, he fails to recognize that famine causes by political crisis as much as it is the result of economic shocks or natural disasters (Devereux, 2001). Those scholars who criticized Sen argue that importing food in a situation of existing insecurity could be the answer to minimize the food problem and to save lives (Steven Engler, et al,