Boiling Point In Intermolecular Science

A boiling point of a substance is dependent on the temperature at which the substance can change its matter, such as liquid to gas. The molecules present in liquid are tightly compressed together, though they are still moving and colliding. If the liquid is heated, there is a rise in temperature which generates vibrations throughout the liquid, resulting in more collisions between molecules (Helmenstine, 2017). Once the collisions between the molecules become quite intense and rapid, boiling starts to take place. There are molecules that are so powerful, they break through the attraction forces that keep the molecules together, this is called intermolecular forces (Ophardt, 2013). Breslyn (2016) explained that boiling point is when vapor pressure of a substance such as liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure relates to the space of pressure above the liquid, whereas vapor pressure is defined as pressure that is created by the molecules changing from liquid to gas form, when these molecules change to gas they collide with air molecules.
Boiling can take place after or

(2005) states that all molecules have different boiling points, this is due to the intermolecular forces between the atoms. Therefore, the more intense the intermolecular force is the higher the boiling point, and the lower intensity, the lower the boiling point. This paper aims to discusses the order of the boiling points of 3-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methylbutanal, 1-Hexanol and 1-Pentanol, examining the differences between them. (De Marco et al. 2014).

Results

Table 1. Structure and boiling points of Compounds (The Merck Index Online 2013)
IUPAC Name 1-Hexanol 1-Pentanol 3-Methylbutanal 3-Methyl-1-butanol
Molecular Formula C6H14O C5H12O C5H10O C5H12O
Boiling point (°C) 157 °C 137-138°C 92-93°C 130-131°C
Molecular weight 102.162g/mole 88.15g/mole 86.132g/mole 88.148g/mole
Skeletal structure
Functional Group Alcohol Alcohol Aldehyde