1B 5085
Policy Briefing Memo on the Foreign Investment Policy of Myanmar
Introduction
Myanmar is a developing country. Since 2011, the new democratic government, President U Thein Sein government, tried to develop in all sectors by making reforms. To get the quick-win in the country's economic growth, the government enacted and amended the foreign investment policy. Moreover, the government did the enacting and amending the dozens of laws during the short terms, many liberalizations are taken in various sectors such as financial, tax, investment, land and trading etc. And Myanmar is recognized to be the last target for investment in Asia because of its strategic location, natural resources and working force.
Background
In the last two decades,
…show more content…
(2016) (p-317) The foreign investment policy used the laws as the authority tools and related to the other policy areas including investment, finance, trade, human resource development, and public sector administration. And the main instruments used in the Foreign Investment policy of Myanmar are the Laws, Rules, Regulations, and notifications of respective ministries with the approval of the Union Hluttaw, most of which are aimed to attract and to protect the foreign investor with equal opportunities to the citizens. (Myanmar constitution, …show more content…
Enacting the new FIL, SEZ and rules for FIL, doing the procedure with clear and transparent processes, restructure and refreshing the organization of MIC and DICA are the attraction for foreign investors. By doing that the economic growth of Myanmar will be increased in the future year after year.
Reference
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar. (2008). Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
Myanmar Investment Commission. (2012) Foreign Invsetment Law
Win, Than Tun, Foreign Investment Policy and Procedures. Retrieved from http://www.embassyofmyanmar.be/business%20info/investmentpolicy.htm
Oo, Aung Naing, D.G., The New Investment Regulations and procedures. [Presentation].
Thomas A Birkland. (2016) An Introduction to the Policy Process: Theories, Concepts, and Models of Public Policy Making.
OECD (2014), OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Myanmar 2014, OECD Publishing. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264206441-en
JICA, Project basic information. Retrieved from http://gwweb.jica.go.jp/km/ ProjectView.nsf/ 4f3700b697729bb649256bf300087d02/
An issue network is a part of the large policy system and it is comprised of both, those who from the larger community outside government and those within it, who have official decision making power. As defined by Heclo, an issue network is a shared-knowledge group having to do with some aspect of public policy. Through the issue network public policy issues tend to be refined, evidence debated, and alternative options worked out-though rarely in any controlled, well-organized way. Issue networks in support of “Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act,” or S. 744, were vast.
President Ronald Reagan expressed his ideas for the new administration during his first inaugural address to the American people about the country’s economy. He attempted to reduce federal government spending and decrease the national debt during his two terms in office. President Reagan was concerned about the financial stability of the United States and the people that occupied it. In 1981, the debt incurred by the public reached 25.2 percent of the gross domestic product.1
A policy argument is the major vehicle for communication policy-relevant information and an important source of knowledge in reference to how policies are made and put into effect. The ability to organize, structure, and evaluate a policy argument is crucial to critical analytical thinking. (Dunn, 2012) The purpose of the two policy argument maps is to compare and contrast different modes of reasoning framing policy problems, which arise at all stages of the policy delivery process.
ntroduction and Overview What is genocide? The dictionary definition of genocide, as google states, is, “the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular nation or ethnic group.” in 1944, the UN of Human Rights declared the term “genocide”. This term of word relates violent crimes that has been caused by different ethnic groups deliberately killing each other.
“With public policy issues growing more complex, the need for insightful and comprehensive analysis has become
He analyses a bottom-up approach to policy making in this book but fails to state if it is adequate. Up until this book was published, the majority of people looked at policy making from a top-down perspective. Since the 1980’s there has been increased debate over which approach is more effective (Gabel, 2012). Top-down implementation occurs when the government set policies and instructions on how to implement these policies. This makes it clear-cut because it is clear and based solely around agency objectives.
A few assets are rare and rivalrous, yet numerous are against rivalrous and bottomless. I believe that the polis demonstrate all the more nearly speaks to the way we make and comprehend public policy. I additionally think that it is essential to remember these two models of society as we proceed with ideas of the author Stone. She utilizes a ton of illustrations from social policy most remarkably, welfare and governmental policy regarding minorities in society in view of her experience and hobbies as a researcher, additionally in light of the fact that we can see the contrasts between these two models obviously in the social policy stadium. That does not imply that we can't matter Stone to other substantive policy territories, and we will do only that as the course advances.
Expanding internationally seems like an obvious opportunity to expand a company, increase sales, and decrease risk. What most overlook is how to properly avoid the risk associated with international expansion by understanding a foreign country’s political background. Each of the four categories of political risk is crucial when considering international expansion. Systemic political risk, like currency convertibility, devaluation, and hyperinflation, impacts all business. Procedural political risk impacts the processes and costs of accomplishing tasks.
First and foremost, one must acknowledge the plainly visible fact that the Chinese economy has grown exponentially since the process of integration into the global economic system began. China 's comparative advantages, particularly in the labor sector, has transformed it into the second largest recipient of FDI in the world.1 Over the course of the last 20 years, exports have grown approximately 17.1 percent per year.2 This ultimate result of this investment and trade has been an overall growth rate 8 percent per annum,3 which would have been completely unattainable without the country 's engagement in globalization. Foreign investments have
Even though it has been over sixty years since Myanmar was imperialized, remnants of the outcome of imperialism can still be well observed. The language, the clothing, the infrastructures all have been affected by imperialism. These effects may deceive people into thinking that imperialism was all sunshine and rainbows but in reality, imperialism brutally destroyed the different aspects of a country. Imperialism impacted societies in countless negative ways. It led to slave trade which then led to social discrimination around the world.
3 ANZ APPROACH TO INTERNATIONAL TRADE ANZ will leverage on the opportunities provided by The Asian Century, (ANZ Banking Corporation, 2012). The bank will need to respond to the competitive pressures of, and not only restricted to, the other banking pillars of Australia to enter and be successful in this market, but other global banks wishing to take competitive advantage of Asia’s growth opportunity, this report has a particular emphasis on its strategic planning for continued growth in its PRC operation. Integration socially, economically and politically within the region will be of paramount importance.
Lastly, the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs has established an agency that promotes and facilitates foreign direct investment (FDI) into the Netherlands. The Netherlands Foreign
To access the merit or value of government policies and programs as well as proposed policy alternatives, citizens, analysts, and policymakers need to consider four criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and political feasibility (Kraft and Furlong, 2013, p.31). Kraft and Furlong (2013) explain that “effectiveness refers to whether a current policy or program or one that is being considered is likely to work, efficiency refers to what a policy or policy proposal costs in relation to its expected benefits to society, equity refers to the consideration of what constitutes a fair or equitable policy choice, and political feasibility concerns how government officials and other policy actors appraise
Overview of the Cambodian Economy and Garment sector Since the end of civil war and the transition from a socialist regime to democracy regime, and also after it had been shifting from a command and control economy to the free market in the late 1980s, the economic situation of Cambodia began to improve, resulting in increased demand for goods and services in the country and also more attracting inward of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Cambodia during the past two decades. From the report of WORLD BANK (2017), by the last two decades, economy of Cambodia’s GDP growth has grown at an average rate of 7 percent, which driven by garment industry, construction, agriculture, and tourism. In the past, Cambodia was known as the country with an
There is stability in politics and it is undergoing slow political reforms. For the first time in 2005, the local ruling body was held and more such reforms are being expected in the near future. Even though the king has tried to bring some reforms, namely the initiation of a legislative council and local elections, the country 's traditional practices and religious norms aren’t being compromised in the process. The conservative judicial system has no separation of powers and the final decision maker is the authorized judge by the king. Although there is a drive in their economy for foreign investors for sectors such as power, aviation, and telecom etc.