English is the most utilized language in comparison to other language in the world. This is the only language in the world which has more non native users than the native ones. “No matter whose statistics one believes; it is clear that English now has more non-native speakers than native ones. Some estimates put the ratio at four to one in favor of the non native speakers”. Weeks (1996). Kachru (1996) also maintains that “There are now at least four non-native speakers of English for every native speaker”. This would not be wrong to say that English has achieved an utmost victory in the global world because English and globalization has come a long way together which has made English nearly a second language of almost everyone. Kachru (1985) believes that what’s happening is that English indeed is becoming the international language except that now it’s “Englishes”. …show more content…
At the initial stages, it borrowed from Latin and Celtic then from Scandinavian and French, and recently from other languages spoken in the British colonies. (Burchfield, 1985). Pakistani English is the variety of the language which has its origins in Britain. At the present time the changes in the phonetic, phonological, morphological, semantic and syntactic variation causes the creation of a new variety of language. It has developed its own phonological features which are different from those of Standard British English. The English which is spoken in Pakistan is different from that spoken in other regions of the world, and it is regarded as the unique variety which is called Pakistani English (PE). The phonological rules of the British variety of English are usually used in most of the speeches spoken by Pakistani’s but with the nativized characteristics of its own. Since like other post colonial countries, English in Pakistan interacts with regional languages and is localized in pronunciation. (Rahman,
The English language has been around for a number of years, but now it is taking the world by storm. In Dennis Baron 's article titled "Who Owns Global English," he discusses how English has taken root in different countries to the dismay of their Governments. English has taken a new meaning in some countries that native speakers would call improper English. " Yes, we want" (Baron, 35) is the new battle cry of Madrid 's campaign on English. This may be bad English, but Baron is considering the possibility of it becoming a new form of English.
As of today, the English language is considered, and widely accepted as the international language, so knowing how to use this language is on indispensable ability. Culture has shaped our world as we are living in a globalised world, and culture often influences language. When there are thousands of different cultures in one country the language is bound to be impacted. For example, some words from some ethnic groups have made their way into mainstem English usage, for example the words “Yallah and Habibi” words which were once used as slang are now found in the English
The language of the Anglo-Saxons was called Old English. The earliest form of English language is the Old English. It was spoken in England and Scotland during the early Middle Ages (Old English, n.d.). It evolved to Middle English when the Norman French started invading Great Britain. The Anglo-Saxon widows married the Norman soldiers, they had children and they spoke a mixture of Anglo-Saxon and Norman French.
Therefore, Dr. Giselle is able to provide an adequate analysis of the research data. Stephanie L. Hensel is a researcher in the Department of Education at the University of Michigan with an expertise in phonology, morphology, and sociolinguistics. The audience of the article is likely people who are interested in the field of sociolinguistics, particularly AAE. Overall, the article is more informative that
and others (1981:95) also used such technique, additionally applying ‘high and low lexical diversity’ to the South Welsh and RP accent, with high lexical diversity referring to frequent use of regional specific lexis. In my study, the participant will conduct both Scouse and RP lexical diversity to a high degree, using Scouse features such as lenition; defined by Honeybone (2007:18) as ‘underlying plosives realized as affricates and fricatives, for example, expect is articulated [exspɛxt] and stop is articulated [stɒɸ]’. Distinctive Scouse features such as the long vowel [u:] that replaces Standard English (spoken by the RP speaker) [ʊ] in ‘book’ and ‘look’ (Watson, 2007:358) will be employed by both Scouse speakers. Lexical features that the high-diversity speaker will employ in the passage include objective singular ‘me’ in replacement for the standard possessive determiner ‘my’, for example: ‘that’s me book’, ‘me mam’ (Britain, 2007: 96).
Meeting the School Readiness Needs of Latino Dual Language Learners in the Early Childhood Classroom Latinos in the United States as of 2013 is the largest growing minority group. One out of four students is Latino. The majority of Latino students are born in the US but do not speak English at their home (Lopez 2013). There are different types of language learners, monolingual learners and bilingual learners which include simultaneous, sequential and emergent learners.
In a U.S. census from 2009, the number of people who spoke more than one language was shown to be 57.1 million. This indicated that the number has grown, actually, more than doubled since 1980 when there were 23.1 million multilingual citizens.(Language Projections, 2011) Then in 2011 results indicated that 230,947,071 out of 291,524,091- ages five or older, or 79.2 percent of people spoke only english. That leaves 60,577,020 or 20.7 percent of the population that could speak more than one language.(Language Use, 2013) That is a difference upwards of three million; more so than before, showing that while English is still the dominant language, others are still increasing in number.
The declining use of phonological processes with increasing age has been reported in across languages including English (Grunwell, 1982; Hodson and Paden, 1983; Haelsig and Madison, 1986; Preisser et al., 1988; Roberts et al., 1990), Malayalam(Sameer, 1998; Anilsam,1999), Kannada (Sunil, 1998; Jayashree,19990. In this investigation, a phonological process was said to be persisting even if present in a single child. Additionally, a phonological process was defined as persisting if it occurred even once in the speech of the child. Lowe (1994)
Language and culture are mutually inclusive entities; one can exist concurrently in the presence of another. Therefore the translation of local culture through the foreign language perpetuates local colors. The Pakistani post-colonial writers used the English language as a mean of explicating local ethos, which resulted into pidiginization as well. Every language is rule governed and culturally specific and eventually restricts the writers to explicate cross cultural conceptions.
Some are taught in Sindhi. On the other hand, Urdu or English is used as the medium of instruction. This creates a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two halves. Being a multilingual country, one is getting worried of learning many languages. 2.
Learning a second language at a younger age is beneficial Most little kids first day of school is when they are approximately five years old, and about to enter kindergarten. Kids go to school from about age five till graduation from high school at about age eighteen. Most schools focus on the basic core subjects, such as math, reading, science and history. Until junior high or high school, foreign language is not even offered.
MAHATMA GANDHI. A Look at Pakistani Language, Religion, Culture, Customs and Etiquette Language in Pakistan Urdu is the only native language of Pakistan. Although English is generally used instead of Urdu. English
“You can’t see other people’s point of view when you have only one language,” declared psycholinguist, Frank Smith. Just as it is mentioned in this quote, foreign language is important; therefore, people should learn a foreign language at an early age. When learning a foreign language at an early age, it helps people to concentrate and increase comprehension skills. Also, at a young age, the mind is fresh, so the person can take in more information and can easily master a foreign language. In addition, most secondary schools, universities, and jobs require a foreign language to be known.
Finally, for mainly historical reasons, certain English dialects or varieties have been viewed more positively than others. Thus, Standard English, because of its association with being the national English language, has been perceived as the most prestigious of English varieties. However, the fact that some dialects and accents are seen to be more prestigious than others is more a reflection of judgements based on social, rather than linguistic, criteria. As society changes, so too do attitudes towards dialect, accent and variational use of English generally.
English as a global language We can’t deny that English has become an international language for communication between all mankind , it is the common language between most of the countries , English is a global language which is spoken as a native language and a second language in most of the countries , and we noticed that people who use English as a second language are way more than people who speak it as a native language , it is taught in every country in this world , it is using as a medium language of understanding between the teacher and the learner , you can see it in banks , supermarkets , in road signs and in international web pages, it is the language that you see and hear every day, so speaking English become a must , also we can’t ignore the fact that English is the language of global communication at medical , tourism , trade and other elements of language use , So English is so important in our various lives aspects. So in this essay I am going to discuss the reasons of how English become a global language and is it a good or bad thing? and what is the advantages and did advantages of spreading of English? There is a lot of reasons that helped to make English a global language and one of the most important reasons is policy , the west colonization for the countries had helped English to spread and distribute by imposing the language and the west culture on the colony countries , so we can say it is all because of the strength that the west had on the world