Forensic Odontology Research Paper

Forensic dna has bad unfair effects on society, that falls into social justice, framing innocent people. Dna forensics can help solve crimes and put unlawful people and criminals to jail, but can also be used to frame people/mistake dna into incriminating innocent people.

DNA fingerprinting is the process of analyzing an individual’s DNA base-pair patterns. The DNA fingerprinting lab involved identifying the suspect using Agarose Gel and Polymerase Chain Reaction. It was found that suspect two s DNA matched the crime scene DNA. This is known because suspect twos DNA traveled the same distance as the crime scene DNA.

Dubbed the Valley Intruder or Night Stalker, Ricardo Leyva Munoz Ramirez famously known as Richard Ramirez, struck fear through the bones of many during his serial killing spree in the mid-eighties. Ramirez killed at least fourteen people in his spree while raping and torturing many more. His criminal beginnings turned to violence in June of 1984 with his first known slaying of 79-year-old Jennie Vincow. Vincow was sexually assaulted, stabbed and ultimately killed in her home. Authorities had not yet caught Ramirez after this brutal homicide, therefore he was free to continue his spree on countless more helpless victims. Ramirez used a wide variety of weapons like guns, knives, rope, handcuffs, a tire iron, machete and a hammer on his victims.

In King, Justice Kennedy referred to the invention of DNA technology as “one of the most significant scientific advancements of our era.” This statement has been criticized, but the impact of DNA technology has been significant. Currently, forensic analysts can use “junk” DNA to identify a person with near certainty. Law enforcement can collect a person’s DNA through saliva. The sample is then uploaded to CODIS, a national network of DNA databases. Any DNA that remains in CODIS available for comparison against new samples from recently apprehended criminals and old samples from unsolved cases. This has become an invaluable tool for law

Fingerprinting is method based on the uniqueness of the skin pattern - that is, each person has a completely individual pattern of papillary lines. These patterns do not change throughout life and have the property of recovering from damage to the skin in its previous form. On the one hand, this method almost completely eliminates the mistake, and on the other hand it is very cheap and easy to use (in contrast the method of identification of a person by DNA).

DNA has become a vital part of criminal investigations. DNA can include and exclude suspects of criminal investigations. During a criminal investigation, all DNA should be collected, properly preserved and tested, but at times this does not occur or the technology was not available for this process to occur. In addition, DNA has become an imperative portion of exoneration cases.

Beverly Jimenez, also known as, ‘Dr.Sissy’, stretches out of her petite, cozy office and steps into the ample operatory with dark orange walls and sticky purple chairs. Sounds of suction and the metal clanking of tools can be heard. She is asked to take a look at her patient's teeth whenever she is ready. She takes a seat on the low stool and opens her metal tools from their blue transparent package. She begins to examine the teeth of a young girl. Jimenez’ smooth chocolaty brown hair glistens under the bright white light. It is hard to hear her talk because of the baby blue surgical mask that is strapped from ear to ear covering her mouth. Once she finishes the examination, she calmly strolls back to her desk to continue her paperwork. The chatter of the young women at the desk can be heard from the waiting room. They are trying to decide which scrubs to buy as they wait for new patients to check in. The young girl who recently received a cleaning walks out of the operatory with a blue toothbrush in her hand. She stops by the brown treasure chest to pick out a small trinket and skips back to her mother.

Lowell Levine, the famous forensic dentist, positively identified a tooth fragment from the scene as having belonged to Helle Crafts’ lower-left bicuspid, but the contest ended with a hung jury.”

Forensic anthropology is the branch of anthropology which deals with the recovery of remains as well as the identification of skeletal remains which involve detail knowledge of osteology (skeletal anatomy and biology). In other words, forensic anthropology is the application of anthropological knowledge and techniques in the identification of human remains in medico-legal and humanitarian context. Forensic anthropology includes the identification of skeletal, decomposed or unidentified human remains. Forensic anthropology may also help determine the age, sex, stature and unique features of deceased from their remains. Personal identification is one of the main aspects of medico-legal and criminal investigations. Identification is important when unknown, fragmentary, burned or decomposed remains are recovered. This becomes more important especially in cases of major mass disasters where numbers of individuals are involved. Personal identification in broad terms includes estimation of age, sex, stature, and ethnicity. These estimations can be done by using various scientific techniques which can narrow down the range of individuals from the pool of possible victims or criminals (Nafte, 2009).

The Innocence Project frees people from jail that were wrongly convicted of a crime. That is what happened to Roy Brown. Through the help of the Innocence Project, he was released from jail. Brown was convicted of a horrific crime that included murder, even though the evidence that was provided was analyzed and presented wrongly. This lead to his wrong convection.

Crime scene investigation (as seen on TV). Forensic Science International 2010 June; 199 (1-3): 1-5.

Why did David Payne kill himself though, leaving behind a note that could be interpreted as guilty? Possibly he was expressing sorrow for getting her pregnant, which led her to the site of her death. It could have also been because – being a drunk – his mental condition was not stable enough to handle the death of his fiancé. He was, however, not present at the time of the murder, as the case file states, so does he have a strong alibi? No, but it can be argued that neither did any of the other suspects. It says he was absent at the time of murder but the time of murder was not stated in the information provided. This leaves a range from Sunday night to Tuesday night. During Monday, David was searching for Maggie with Albert. He could not have killed her then because of the company. During his interview, he was drunk, which would not have been wise of him because intoxication might allow for guilt to be slipped. Had he been clever enough to cause an unsolved murder, he would have thought of this too. The general cluelessness of David makes up for any lack of alibi.

Dental trial have been extensively used in identifying the sufferers of massive disasters, such as the 9/11 bombing and the Asian tsunami. the significance of using dental records for human identification is now well predictable. Dental Biometric issues dental radiographs to identify victims in situations (e.g., fire victims) where conservative biometric features, i.e., face, fingerprint, and iris, are not available.

One example of the use of DNA in forensic science that is important in biology today is comparing a suspect’s DNA profile to DNA that was discovered at a crime scene. This can be done by DNA fingerprinting or by collection of body fluids, such as saliva, semen, urine, blood, skin and hair, found at the scene. Secondly, DNA testing can rule out possible suspects as well. DNA testing can be used to free individuals

Here is a brief history of those pioneers and milestones. The earliest record of “dental” work dates back to 2600 BC in Egypt. The tomb of Hesy-Ra, an Egyptian scribe, is engraved with “The greatest of those who deal with teeth and of physicians”. Then later, Hippocrates and Aristotle recorded many dental examinations from tooth eruptions sequences to treating decayed teeth and gingiva disease between 500-300 BC. In ancient times tooth decay was thought to be brought on by “tooth worms” in the mouth and there is evidence of the first treatments orally. Later still, during Middle Ages between 1200 and 1600 tooth related problems fell onto Barber-Surgeons who performed services such as shaving, blood letting, and tooth extractions. They also went by the name lay barbers as they were performing less complex procedures. Then, during the 18th Century a French surgeon Pierre Fauchard published his book called The Surgeon Dentist, A Treatise on Teeth. Fauchard’s book covered oral anatomy, restorative techniques, and dentistry as a professional practice. It was during this time that dentistry was becoming more recognized as a profession. What followed is Paul Revere’s dental practice that lead to the first documented case in dental forensics. TO BE