Essay On Forensic Pharmacology

The way questions are worded can affect the outcome. For example: The question, Should a doctor be able to give pills that kill people be legal? sounds harsh and uses the word kill and most people have been raised to know that killing is bad so this question would usually produce a negative response. This is assuming that the person hasn’t studied into this topic. Now if you reword the question wanting a positive response it could sound like this, Should physicians be able to fulfill the wishes of patients, who have

The author also states that because manufacturer’s are no longer providing correctional centers with the drugs, the states are considering bringing execution methods from centuries ago back in practice. Alternative execution methods such as the electric chair are being considered. The discontinued legal drugs and shortage has caused secrecy in how the drugs are obtained. Because correctional centers are buying drugs from the Indian black market illegally, the Drug Enforcement Administration

After reading the medical model and the Szasz article, I feel as if Szasz would more than likly not approve of the medical model. The medical model treats mental disorders as an actual curable problem, like a broken leg. However, Szasz sees mental issues as not a real thing, how can something be cured if it does not exist. The Szasz article treats mental issues as simply just people being different, and just because someones different does not mean they are ill. Personally, I can see both points of the Thomas Szasz ‘s article, and the medical model.

Equipment Malfunction Like any other electronic measuring instrument, breathalyzer machines must be properly calibrated in order to give accurate results. If a breathalyzer machine was not properly calibrated and maintained, the results may be inaccurate. In other cases, the machine itself may simply be unreliable. For instance, in a recent Ohio case the judge threw out breathalyzer test results on the basis that the machine the police were

A core concept of the biomedical medical model is that drug addiction is a brain disease that manifests over time after the voluntary use of heroin, this results in modifying brain mechanisms that control mood, perception and emotional states causing drug seeking behaviours that interfere with the functioning of the individual (Leshner, 1999). Through medical advances brain imaging studies support physical changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision making, and behaviour control (Fowler et al.,

Additionally, some healthcare professionals can be a major source of stigma which can have a substantially negative impact on well-being, and coping abilities of a patient dealing with addiction. Social Psychologist Valerie Earnshaw, a Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School, focuses her research on the health effects of stigma, specifically how stigma delays recovery. In her article, “Drug Addiction Stigma In The Context Of Methadone Maintenance Therapy: An Investigation Into Understudied Sources Of Stigma,” she states, “For MMT patients, using drugs as a coping strategy for stigma-related stress and negative emotions may have particularly negative consequences on recovery efforts and mental health” (Earnshaw et. al, 112). The research on Methadone addiction related stigma suggests, the multiple sources of stigma can lead patients to find their own unhealthy ways of coping leaving them possibly untreated (Earnshaw et.

Though well-established, the two tests are always challenged. One of the reasons is due to the discrepancy between the legal insanity and medical insanity: legal insanity and medical insanity only partially overlap, but a legal insanity is not necessarily a medical insanity, vice verses. For example, we might use the discrepancy to criticize the mandatory hospitalization for the insane murderer. After being diagnosed as insane, the murderer would not be responsible for his act, but instead, he would be sent to the hospital for psychological treatment. Nevertheless, suppose the murderer only possesses the disorder that only exists in legal term, what treatments can doctor adopt to cure him if there is even no such disease exists?

Hence, assessment of holistic needs of patient looks for the determinants of health. However, patients frequently omit to explain regarding the OTC preps plus the herbal needs, which also needs to explain the usage of contraindicated drugs as it all explains the illegal needs of the

Clinical equipoise looks at the balance through the scientific community, whereas therapeutic equipoise looks at the balance through the judgment of a single physician (Weiger et al., 2013, 93). In this paper, it will be proven that equipoise, specifically clinical equipoise, is valid through the comparisons of the different types of equipoise and the focus on trust relationships. However, it will be made evident that clinical equipoise fails to acknowledge the patient’s autonomy because of the high focus on the medical research aspect. For research to be valid, it must consider beneficence. Brody and Miller believe that researchers must respect autonomy for the research to be ethical.

In examining the role of expert testimony in criminal law cases, there are several factors to be considered; the most significant is the question of what weight is given to the expert witnesses’ testimony and what affect this has on the outcome. In cases to determine whether an offender ought to be labeled as a dangerous offender, these questions have reaching implications. The medicalization of deviancy, and the role of expert witnesses in presenting their psychological and psychiatric findings to the court, deeply affects the outcomes for the offenders involved. By medicalizing risk and relying on diagnoses such as psychopathy, the medical experts’ testimony contributes to the pathologizing of criminal individuals and leads to higher rates of dangerous offender designations.