Informal Formative Assessment

These are the concepts of explicit and implicit curriculum, and they help educators think about the different ways students learn so they can design more effective methods of teaching. Explicit curriculum is one that has been carefully

In the Educational Leadership article entitle “The Boss of My Brain”, authors Donna Wilson and Marcus Conyers examines the explicit instruction in metacognition. Researchers stated that “explicit instruction in metacognition puts students in charge of their learning.” It was also stated that “meta-cognition supports learning by enabling us to actively think about which cognitive strategies can help achieve learning, how we should apply those strategies, how we can review our progress, and whether we need to adjust our thinking.” I believe this a unique teaching tool for teachers to implement with their students. With the use of metacognition, students whether they are struggling learners or gifted can learn how to use a variety of cognitive strategies to help improve their learning.

Students become self-reflected learners; they take responsibility for their own learning. The key to assessment as learning enables students to develop the capacity to monitor their own work in progress which the teachers support through encouragement and monitoring. ( Dear Hammond, L. (2012) Based on curriculum expectations and the achievement charts, the students are taught to use rubrics, samples and models as a good practice. In addition, formative assessment is a procedure utilized by instructors and students amid guideline that gives unequivocal input to alter progressing educating and figuring out how to enhance students ' accomplishment of planned instructional outcomes. Formative evaluation is a technique for persistently assessing students ' scholastic needs and advancement inside the classroom and goes before nearby benchmark appraisals and state-commanded summative assessments.

Another quote is " Assessment has several important purposes, including informing how teachers plan learning experiences, identifying areas of learning and development where children may need support or extension, to make valued learning visible, and integrating learning with curriculum and program provision" (Mclachlan). The author is making clear with assessments it is helping everyone because there is a major meaning to having them. It shows the way teachers communicate planned learning experiences to prepare for test. To represent how the teacher prepares the students to learn the components that are going to be on the test. Like stated before, it gives the teacher to see where the students ' strong points are or where their weaknesses are and need to work on that specific topic.

School and teachers can influence the extent and quality of learning for all students. Teacher’s beliefs, practices and attitudes are important for understanding and improving educational processes. They are closely linked to teachers’ strategies for coping with challenges in their daily professional life. Educators have control over numerous factors that influence motivation, achievement and behaviour of students. They are turning around their approach into a focus on creating positive school climate and responsive classroom as part of holistic quality education based on child rights where there is effective teaching and classroom management, thus enhancing students’ learning experiences.

It also helps Board members to decide and plan the resources needed for making further progress. Assessment for learning enables a mutual learning between teachers and students. The most important of all is that information gathered through the process of assessment should be used to improve the teaching and

Teachers have the power to determine whether their classroom will be a caring atmosphere or an authoritarian environment for the students. Teachers need to curb their ego and model empathy, positive attitude, and leadership skills. She believes that if teachers use positive attitudes when dealing with difficult students, the students will respect the teacher more; therefore, the students will have better behaviors. Showing empathy toward the students will result in the student feeling like someone understands them. Creating relationships with students helps them feel safe in their environment and comfortable talking to the teacher.

For example, they conduct formative assessment. Formative Assessment is part of our instructional process. It provides the information needed to adjust teaching and learning while they are happening. In this sense, formative assessment informs both teachers and students about student understanding at a point when timely adjustments can be made. These adjustments help to ensure students achieve, targeted standards-based learning goals within a set time frame.

On the other hand, horizontal articulation refers to what students are doing in a particular grade level. Lastly, interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary articulation addresses the capability of a subject to associate to other disciplines in the curriculum. Curriculum Alignment According to Case, Jorgenson, and Zucker (2004), curriculum alignment is defined as the degree to which the components of an education system (standards, curricula, assessments, and instruction) work together to achieve desired goals. Curriculum alignment gives opportunities for teachers to participate in professional development efforts that enhance learning process. It is also a chance for teachers and curriculum experts to work in teams, to plan, to review, and to improve instruction and to work with educational leaders.

Assessment for Learning Align assessment with the constructive, student-centred learning models. For instance, self and peer assessment. Formative assessments must connect the teacher–student communication in learning and providing instruction. There is a requirement of timely and understandable feedback in order to better lead the students in future learning. (Carless 2005).

Itcan also be used to monitor readiness skills. When using CBM, the instructor provides thestudent with brief, timed samples, or "probes," constructed of academic material taken from thestudent’s school curriculum. In addition, the CBM graphs are able to provide you with greatinformation that can be shared with parents, teachers, and administration. CBM is an effectivetool when determine if a child should be retained or not.Progress monitoring is extremely important, and should be done frequently. Continuingprogress monitoring grants teachers and schools to adjust and modify instruction to expeditestudent growth, success, and learning.