It is during this time that we contemplate our accomplishments and are able to develop integrity if we see ourselves as leading a successful life. Success in this stage will lead to the virtue of wisdom. (McLeod, 2008) Common critiques of Freud 's theory & Erikson’s theory: Freud’s psychosexual theory is controversial. It has been thoroughly criticized. Even though Freud’s stages are related to children he based most of his theory on his work with troubled adults.
Psychoanalytic Theories suggest that adult behaviour and emotions stem from childhood experiences (Bee, Boyd, & Johnson, 2018). Notable psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud developed a Psychosexual Theory which suggests that personality develops in five separate stages from the time of birth through to adolescence, with each stage focusing on an erogenous zone of the body associated with the need for physical pleasure (Schultz, & Schultz, 2013). Erik Erikson proposed a Psychosocial Theory, which suggests development is the result of an interaction between internal drives and cultural demands, and that personality develops across the lifespan through a process of eight
Development is the series of age-related changes that happen over the course of a life span. Theories of development provide a framework for thinking about human growth, development, and learning. Developmental theories provide a set of guiding principles and concepts that describe and explain human development. The famous psychologist Sigmund Freud describes development as a series of stages. The Stages are periods in development in which people exhibit typical behavior patterns and establishes particular capacities.
The stages help me to solidify in my mind what might be going on in a person’s life at a given time. His stages fit with what I imagine each age group is grappling with psychologically at each stage. The two theories are alike in that they attempt to explain human behavior, but they approach it from 2 different schools of thinking. The two theories are like in that they both have a social context to them. I believe that both are valid, and both can help to explain why we do what we do.
Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual theory and Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory are two important psychoanalytic theories on human development that could be used as a basis in the explanation of human development. Even though both theories have similarities, there are also differences. I also feel that these must be used only as a base in understanding human development. Though Erikson’s theory were greatly influenced by Freud’s theory and based on many of his ideas, he had his own ideas on development. We will now discuss in further detail.
Theories, Key Concepts, Principles, and Assumptions Two theories that will be discussed in this paper is Erik Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development and John Bowlby’s Theory of Attachment. Erikson’s theory is considered psychosocial, emphasizing the importance of social and cultural factors within a lifespan, from infancy to later adulthood. Erikson’s theory is broken down into eight consecutive age-defined stages. During each stage, a person experiences a psychosocial crisis that contributes to their personality development. Erikson was highly influenced by Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory of Development.
These variations are known as development of human growth. It begins from birth and ends with death. Developmental psychologists study a large variety of theoretical areas, such as biological, social, emotion, and cognitive developments. If we are specializing in education field, various background awareness of how people grow and change throughout life is important. Moreover to expand a better understanding of others, studying human development can also provide
Throughout history, there have been many theories proposed which explain human development. Freud was the first to explore this topic and concluded that progression through various developmental stages was the result of the successful resolution of conflicts. Next, Erikson expanded on Freud’s theory, proposing that social interaction was a major contributor to human development. Later, Watson and Skinner brought a behavioral perspective to the realm of developmental theories, focusing more on the psychosocial development of the child rather than adults. These theories provided inspiration and knowledge for future theorists’ like Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky, who have become notable theorists in the area of cognitive development.
People continuously experience many physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, and emotional changes throughout their lives. It is the job of developmental psychologists to study these changes and develop theories that explain development in terms of a progression through life stages. Developmental psychology focuses on many factors that influence human development. The developmental psychology deals with debates such as nature vs. nurture. Most theorists in the field seem to agree that both biological and environmental factors influence how an individual develops, however there is still some dispute over the contributions of each area.
Freud’s Psychosexual Development Stage Psychosexual development stage is one of Freud’s major contribution to the Psychology field. Some of the concepts were based on his earlier study- the division of mental life into id, ego, and superego. In Freud’s psychosexual theory, each stage represents the fixation of libido (Instinct energy contain in Id). A particular conflict is existed in each stage of the psychosexual theory. One may have to resolve the conflict in order to pass on to another stage.