Computer Aided Stability Analysis of Slopes
Abstract: For the analysis of stability of slopes numerous methods are available. This particular paper contains the study of different methods by using computer programming in C, VBA and Auto CAD. The developed computer programs not only yield the accurate results but also save our time and energy. A comparison of the result obtained from different methods, reveal that the values of minimum factor of safety are in close agreement. But among all the methods friction circle method gives more reliable results.
Introduction:
The boundary surface of soil mass inclined to horizontal and exposed to atmosphere or in contact with free water is called a Slope.
In other words slope is also defined as an
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Koppula’s Method.
5. Limit Analysis Method.
In this paper computer program in VBA and C programming for above methods have been developed. The actual study has been done in four parts given below.
PART A: Programming in VBA
In this part the program is done for Friction Circle Method in computer language VBA from AutoCAD software.
As Friction Circle satisfies Culmann’s failure criterion long the assumed failure surface, which may be circular arc, straight line or any other irregular surface. It also comes under the category limit equilibrium method since solving friction circle method manually is a very tedious and time consuming job, so computerized program can used to solve it.
PART B: Programming in C
In this part the programs are done for Taylor’s Stability Number and Limit Analysis Method.
The friction circle method is graphical procedure that can be used for analyzing the stability of homogeneous slopes. It was popularized by Taylor in 1937. With the help of results obtained by this method, graphs were plotted between angle of inclination and stability number to calculate factor of safety. And the method is known as Taylor’s Stability Number. Hence estimating the factor of safety against slope instability is more convenient by Taylor’s Stability Number with the help of Taylor than the Friction Circle
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PART D: Comparison of Various Methods
The various methods are studied and solving the problems by keeping a data constant for all methods. The results obtained from various methods in compared to each one.
In the present work, it is discuss on the following points-
1. The steps or algorithm to prepare the program to estimate the factor of safety in a software language.
2. Results obtained for factor of safety using computer programming in C language.
The methods handled for analysis of slopes using computer programming in C language are
a. Analysis of slopes using Taylor’s Stability Number to find:
1. Factor of safety with respect to cohesion for c-Φ soil.
2. Factor of safety with respect to cohesion for cohesive soil (i.e., Φ=0) using depth factor.
3. Factor of safety with respect to both cohesion and friction for c-Φ soil.
b. Analysis of slopes using Limit Analysis Method to find factor of
the turning operations is done until the diameter of the cylindrical object is 19mm and then, the facing for the work piece . Step turning is done in the right side end. The length of the step turning is 30mm and the diameter of it is 16mm. Tapering is done by changing the angle of the tool and its done till the next 30mm from the step turning. Chamfering is done at both ends of the work piece.
The coordinates of the system is defined by , θ = angle of the chassis from vertical, α = angle of tread assemblies from vertical, Ø = rotation angle of tread sprockets from vertical, mc = mass of chassis, mT = mass of tread, ms = mass of sprocket, Lc = length from centre of sprocket to centre of chassis, LT = length from centre of sprocket to centre of tread assembly. The kinetic energies of the sprocket, chassis and tread assemblies are given respectively , T_S=1/2[m_c x ̇^2+J_S φ ̇^2] (1) T_C=1/2 [〖m_c (x ̇-L_c θ ̇ cosθ)〗^2+m_c (〖L_c θ ̇ sin〖θ)〗〗^2+J_c θ ̇^2 ] (2) T_T=1/2[m_T (〖x ̇-L_T α ̇ cos〖α)〗〗^2+m_T (〖L_T α ̇ sin〖α)〗〗^2+J_T α ̇^2] (3) The gravitational potential energy is given by ,
Question no 1: % It is a program which takes coordinates (x, y) of a center of a circle and its radius r from user, % and determine that whether any point z with lies inside the circle, on the circle or outside the % circle. For this if ,elseif and else statements will be used there. function result= circle() x=input('Enter value of x Cordinate:'); y= input('Enter value of y Cordinate:'); r=input('Enter value of Radius:'); c=r*r; z=
In this modern world the need for designing and developing an application with good secure features is very high. I have also learned what an error exceptional handling is and why is it important in code review. I have also learned that in developing a software product or in the software development life cycle process, a software product must be teste in earlier stages and very frequently. This recalled my knowledge of secure software development life cycle. One must know the importance of secure software development life cycle.
In the first activity, I determined the circumference and tangential speed of points on spinning DVDs to demonstrate the rotation curve of a rigid body. For instance, the DVD with a radius of 4 has a circumference of 25.13 cm and a tangential speed of 1933.08 cm per second. During the activity, I noticed as the radius increased, the tangential speed also increased. I also noticed the shape of the rigid body rotation curve was linear.
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4. Calculate the difference amidst theoretical, simulated and practical values. 5. Consult Hishan to probe in details about problematic components. 6.
The measured tensions were normalized relative to the maximum tension and the lengths were normalized relative to the length at which maximum force was generated (Ln = 29 mm). The measured data and expected data were plotted together (Figure 3). Correlation between measured and expected tensions at the same normalized lengths was determined for the three expected segments of the length-tension relationship.2,3,4 This was done using piecewise linear regression and yielded r2isometric = 0.956033. The fitted curve for the isotonic experiment resulted in r2isotonic = 0.960557. The F0 was 19.5 N for the fit and 6.35 N for the guess.
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For the second ten minute observation, I observed was during the teacher during circle time. They do a 20 minute circle every morning and the children love it. For this observation, I would give the teacher a rating of 5 for responding to social cues. During the circle time, she would ask questions and let the children talk. She would pick on kids with their hands up and allow them to speak and she would also pick on the kids that clearly wanted to talk, where either trying to talk without raising their hands.
Background Lamar Consolidated Independent School District mission statement is to ensure that all students have access to a superior education. Leadership is an essential part of inspiring, motivating students to achieve their full potential to participate in future opportunities in their community. Lamar CISD community involvement is one of the keys to success for students and families. Income has been a huge obstacle that has been preventing key strategies for closing the achievement gaps. There has been a huge increase from 2 parents to 1 parent household, with limited education, and minimum job skills to provide for the family.
The data for this thesis paper will be obtained from research online, from
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