Introduction:
A large percentage of the world still uses fossil fuels as a source of energy due to the costs and technical limitations that come with using fuels cells (which operates with renewable energy sources). It is desirable to maximise the use of fuel cells around the world or else companies may have to abide to laws which will require them to pay carbon tax, capture their CO2 emission or restrict them from the amount of carbon they may emit.
Below, three types of fuel cells and their designs will be discussed and compared.
1) Natural Gas Combined-Cycle Plants (NGCCP)
Natural gas fired power plants produce less CO2 than the fossil fuels, but the emission still contributes to a significant amount and thus measures have to be taken to
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Owing to this, an average peak value is acceptable for the SOFC.
Simulation Models
Many proposed systems use SOFCs. The SOFCs may be classified into five sections: rectifying, volatile shifting, energy synthesis, heat recovery and volatile generation and also CO2 recovery. CAES is split into two sections, namely compression and storage and expansion.
• Basis of Steady State Simulation and Modelling Approach
The SOFC plant discussed within this summary is modelled to have a power out-put of 714.4MW. The natural gases supplied are at 30bar and 38oC.
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Process and Model
• Natural gas reforming and syngas shifting: Natural gas regeneration involves volatiles with thermal energy above 700o to create syngas. In order to get high conversion factors (almost 99%), extreme temperatures are necessary. Recent retail SOFCs work with “internal” natural gas regeneration . it is unknown how it can be used at the megawatt range as it is not released .extern and intern regeneration changes according to how to use it. SOFC/CAES plan is the same. The syngas created is coming from
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• Load-following Results and Performance: Adding the CAES decreases the sum of squared-errors and the weighted sum of squared-errors. Load-following operation of the CAES depends on how large the storage cavern is.
• Sensitivity Analysis: Adding the CAES is definitely not advised although it betters the supply capabilities of the SOFC base-load plant. The SOFC system offers a very affordable CO2 capture system. CAES and SOFC together come with quite a few advantages, namely: increase in the petrol price has a negligible effect on the system, wasted energy is limited and has a 100% CO2 isolation. CAES/SOFC is hence the most desired system to have in the market.
• Conclusion and Future Work: It is important to understand that many assumptions were made in this study. CAES/SOFC is very productive when it comes to meeting the power output necessary and has a 100% CO2 capture. It would also be the most economical in times of petrol/natural gas price increases and CO2 tax. SOFC shows promising results on a large scale in the
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