Functional Components Of The Term Computer

Introduction

The Term Computer originates from the word “Compute” which denotes to “Calculate”

Computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with Information. The word computer was derived from the Latin term ‘computare’, this means to calculate or programmable machine. All activity of computer cannot be achieved without a Program. It signifies the decimal numbers through a sequence of binary digits. The Word 'Computer' usually denotes to the Center Processor Unit plus Internal memory.

A computer is a device that receives information (in the form of digitalized data) and influences it for some result based on a program or sequence of commands on how the data is to be processed. Complex computers also include the means for storing

Computer components are divided into two major categories namely hardware and software. Hardware is the machine itself and its connected devices such as monitor, keyboard, mouse etc. Software are the set of programs that make use of hardware for performing various functions.

Functional Components of Computer

The computer plays a vital role in the lives of human worldwide. They made a great influence in every ground like science, medicine, transportation, business, entertainment, communication. Therefore computers are considered to be the best invention of this century. Digital computer systems are made up of of three separate components. These components are as follows: Input Unit, Central Processing Unit, and Output Unit. These components are interconnected by electrical cables to permit communication between them.

Computer Functional

Input Unit devices take care of encoding.

The devices that help you to input data and instructions are known as Input Devices. Keyboard, Mouse, Light Pen, Joystick, Scanners, Microphone etc. are some examples of input unit devices.

The devices that can send data directly to the CPU or which does not need to encode it before sending to CPU are considered Direct Entry Input Devices such as scanners. Devices such as keyboard require encoding data so that it is in the form a CPU can understand are Indirect Entry Input Devices.

Memory Unit: Memory Unit is the component where computer store programs and data. Two classes of storage Primary storage Fast Programs must be stored in memory while they are being executed Large number of semiconductor storage cells Processed in words Address RAM and memory access time Memory hierarchy – cache, main memory Secondary storage – larger and