Postmodernism is an approach to reality that is having a great effect on culture, education, healthcare, science, the study of history and people 's views. It sees the reality as a conceptual construct and result of scientific practice. Some theories of postmodernism took an additional step saying that since fiction is all we can know, humans should treat life as an abstract stage for acting. In place of realizing that reality is a construction, we can start inventing ourselves and alternative "realities," as forms of social experiments. According to postmodernism, we all create our own reality and God has nothing to do with it.
in one of his project attempted to draw the line between science and pseudo-science. He thought there was something special on the science side of the line. Under the assumption that science has suitable methodology for avoiding false beliefs, one of the problems with pseudo-science is that it gets an unfair development by mimicking the surface appearance of science. The big difference Popper identifies between science and pseudo-science is a difference in attitude. Popper believes while a science is set up to challenge its claims and look for evidence that might prove it false, a pseudo-science is set up to look for evidence that supports its claims.
Scientific Research Advancements in science can bring a positive or negative effects on an individual or society. As Kenneth R Miller once said, “We don’t regard any scientific theory as the absolute truth.”(Miller). Dr. Jekyll, a man who doesn 't go along with the scientific theories, is the polar opposite of Dr. Lanyon that thinks that scientific theories explain everything. By looking at Dr. Jekyll and Dr. Lanyon’s scientific beliefs and experimental practices, Stevenson is trying to communicate to us about the importance of adapting to new ideas. Dr. Jekyll is trying to fight with the societal system during Victorian London by being a noble and a poor person.
The theory of Lamarck was disproved. Lamarck’s theory was disproved because it did not explain how life formed and became what it is. Darwin’s theory has influenced the way people think in today’s society. People view the world in the aspects of history ant try to make more sense of it. Scientific thinkers now live under the influence of Darwin’s theory because his studies have become much of a lesson to them.
People have been left to believe the theory in which they believe mostly applies: either evolution or creation. This paper will discuss moral individualism versus traditional morality, the view of scholars and scientists on evolution theory and biotechnology versus natural means of procreation. James and Stephen are in a sharp conflict on the issue of value and importance. Stephen argues that the Darwin’s theory does not address issues of value. The Darwin theory does not provide a basis for conclusion of who is important between an animal and a human being.
His convincing writing and appealing technique are very beneficial in making this article more persuasive. He uses science as a weapon of convincing his readers. People believe in scientific reasoning and judge everything on the basis of scientific knowledge. That is why he starts his article by taking a very strong position by comparing religions with science and claiming that “religions have misrepresented the origins of man and cosmos”. Analyzing his claim in the light of science, it seems to be true as science do not believe in non-physical things.
Also, in 1695, Gottfried Leibniz, a German philosopher in his “New Stems of Nature” said “God governs mind...these very movements of matter being produced for the happiness of the good and the punishment if the evil”(D12). Leibniz’s purpose here is to say that things happen for a reason and that good acts will be rewarded and bad would be punished. As political, social, and religious factors affected the Scientific Revolution, the political and social ones try to help and encourage people to continue doing what they are doing. On a contrary, religious factors caused many conflicts for people for the scientific revolution. The Scientific Revolution made people doubt things that were customs, thoughts and ideas that were passed on from generations to generations which is a reason why they caused conflicts with religion.
David Hume was an empiricist, he did not believe in innate ideas. His writings were based off of taking Locke’s empiricism a step further, Hume attempts to use the scientific method to study human nature. To expand on this, he thought we are all born Tabula rasa, meaning a blank slate. In acquiring knowledge, or building upon this blank slate, the source of all ideas and concepts come from previous experiences. We have what he refers to as “simple” ideas,” such as the color red or the shape of a circle.
Stoker puts an emphasis on the newest technology of Britain and combines them with traditional and folkloric traits. He described through Doctor Seward and Doctor Van Helsing two main attitudes towards science. Doctor Seward stands for modern science and reasoning and Doctor Van Helsing represents the superstitious beliefs. Doctor John Seward is a British man who represents an objective and scientific approach. Seward runs an asylum and is aware of the newest scientific maters, keeps a diary on a phonograph, but most important, he is devoted to science: “Why not advance science in its most difficult and vital aspect, the knowledge of the brain?
He has projected the vision of a nuclear free world , departing from the doctrines of his predecessors. He has taken steps to end military invention in Iraq. He has reached out to government which had been denounced as “evil” and proposed talks to try to solve differences. He is promoting alternative sources of energy and has greatly expended programmes of voluntary services. He has shown sensitivity to the plight of the jobless as individuals , not more statistics, Mahatma Gandhi may be no more, but his words and actions are there to reminds those who read him, the right path and drawing them from error, if is for the nation to hear that voice.