1. INTRODUCTION Coal gasification is a process for producing a mixture gas consisting mainly of methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) -from coal and water, air and / or oxygen. This gas mixture is called synthesis gas. Earlier, coal was gasified using old technology to produce coal gas (also known as the "town gas"), which is a fuel gas used previously for municipal lighting and heating before the advent of the commercial scale production of natural gas. In current practices, instances of large coal gasification is used to generate electricity, as in the combined cycle with an integrated gasification for production of chemical feed stocks or for the production of gas natural synthesis.
Numerous special technologies/l methods are offered for carbon capture as required by the clean coal concept: • Pre combustion capture ; This includes feedstock gasification (for example coal) to form gas, which may be transfer to produce a Hydrogen and Carbon dioxide (rich gas mixture), from which the Carbon dioxide can be proficiently captured and divided, transported, and eventually sequestered, This technology is typically linked with Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle process. • Post combustion capture ; This technology is related to capture Carbon dioxide in combustion processes from exhaust gases, usually using sorbents, membrane separations, solvents, or to remove CO2 from the massive gases. • Oxy fuel combustion; fuels such
3. Evaluation of Biomass Energy Biomass energy is created when the biomass is collected and burned slowly to create steam. Generators then use the steam to turn it into heat and energy. It is believed that this is a very clean type of natural gas as it requires the plants to absorb the carbon dioxide from the environment before it can be used as a viable
Biogenic gas is generated by methanogenic bacteria in landfills, bogs, marshes, and shallow sedimentary basins where there are sediments mainly marls and sandstones. Deeper in the earth, at greater temperature and pressure, thermogenic gas is created from buried dead organic material. [4] Fig. 1.1: Use of natural gas for cooking. [12] History of Natural Gas The first use of gas due to the historical data was made by the Chinese in 1000 BC.
Future possibilities and environment benefits, there’s a study that it lessen the air pollution by using it. Abundant domestic production, increased resale value and more affordable maintenance. As evidenced in the Environment Protection Agency, natural gas as the cleanest fossil fuel was used in many ways to help reduce the emissions of pollutants into the environment. Burning natural gas than other fossil fuels emits fewer harmful pollutants and increase the reliance on potentially reduces emission of those many harmful pollutants. The use of natural gas does not significantly contribute in the formation of the smog as it emits lower nitrogen oxide and doesn’t have particulate matters.
Obviously, but it is also one of the most sustainable ways to produce power, as it produces no toxic pollution, or global warming factors. While alternative energy does all of this, nuclear power and coal do the opposite. They do substantial harm, such as air and water pollution, damage to public health, wildlife and habitat loss, water use, land use, and global warming emissions. (Environmental Impacts of Renewable Energy Technologies. Union of Concerned Scientists, www.ucsusa.org/clean-energy/renewable-energy/environmental-impacts#.WpSL NeinHrc.
Biomass gasification means incomplete combustion of biomass resulting in production of combustible gases consisting of Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrogen (H2) and traces of Methane (CH4). Advantages of gasification are, - Can be used for thermal application and electricity generation. - Low cost of power production and low initial investment. - It is highly efficient process. - Gasification has thermo chemical conversion efficiency in the range of 70 % to 90% which is highest among different alternatives.
Out of many natural resources used from the past coal is one of the most widely used forms of fossil fuel which is still widely used today. Coal is used as a fuel to generate electricity and as of today 40% of the world’s electricity is fuelled by coal (World Coal Institute, n.d.), used as fuel for railways,
This is why biomass fuels do not contribute to global warming. Biomass fuels are clean. However, biomass has disadvantage also as extraction cost is extremely expensive. In some areas we find that biomass projects may not be worth the price and is therefore never finished. This is also true for the harvesting and
Fossil fuels are also very easy to transport and store; natural gas through pipelines, and crude oil and coal through tankers and fuel trucks. Because these fuels consist of only hydrogen and carbon, they are relatively stable molecules and generally do not undergo nuclear decay. Unlike other fuel sources like wind and solar energy, fossil fuels produce a large amount of energy when they undergo combustion. This is called the calorific value and refers to the amount of energy produced when a volume of gas is completely combusted (kJ/kg). Since this value is very large for fossil fuels (44,800 for diesel and 46,200 for kerosene), they are an ideal fuel for cars, but also for power stations.