In fact there are many possible relationships, intersections and tensions between language and gender . there is no specific field to determine these relations. If we had this issue from all aspects of language we will find that it is very related and connected. It political , methodological as well as phonological background.
The historic background Constructing gender "Sex vs. Gender At first we need to shed the light on that aspect of talking and dealing with language and gender.
Sex: biological categorization based primarily on reproductive potential
Gender: social elaboration of biological sex – gender as social construction
For all what mentioned, we found that language and gender is a very complicated topic which
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It is, as Coates describes, the most current approach to language and gender. Instead of speech falling into a natural gendered category, the dynamic nature and multiple factors of an interaction help a socially appropriate gendered construct. As such, West and Zimmerman[15] describe these constructs as "doing gender" instead of the speech itself necessarily being classified in a particular category. This is to say that these social constructs, while affiliated with particular genders, can be utilized by speakers as they see fit. Language and Gender
The language of men and women often, there are obvious differences between the language typically used by women and those used by men. The different words used by men and women are obviously a part of their culture and of a biological difference between them. Moreover ,there is no determine explanation whether we are talking about the differences biologically or culturally. In past years, many people have expressed various opinions on the terms "sex" and "gender", although in ordinary usage these terms overlap.
The definition of the Dictionary
In The American Heritage dictionary, we can find the definition of gender
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According to a series of studies (reviewed in Holloway et al. 1993), the corpus callosum of females is on average larger when adjusted for total brain size, especially in the posterior portion known as the splenium. Brain size tends to track body size, and so male brains are on average larger. The average size of the corpus callosum in adult females is apparently roughly the same as in males, but it is larger in proportion to total brain size. Some researchers have argued that the differences are not so much in size but in three-dimensional tissue distribution, with the female splenium more bulbous and thus more concentrated in the midline, where section areas may be most easily
Everyday thousands of people communicate with one another. These conversations happen nearly instantaneously between people and are a key to a successful relationship. In Deborah Tannen’s essay, “Sex, Lies, and Conversation” she explains the differences between men and women’s communication patterns. In Tannen’s essay, she uses documented research, vocabulary, and figurative language to help draw in as well as inform her readers’ about different gender communication patterns. “Sex, Lies, and Conversation” is an article about the different communication patterns associated with males and females.
Sex, Lies and Conversation There are many differences between a man and woman, communication is just one difference. Deborah Tannen, a University of California graduate, got her PhD in linguistics at Georgetown University; there she studied the communication between men and women. Tannen has published over one hundred articles and wrote over twenty books, including You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation (1990), which spent almost four years on the New York Times best seller list and was translated into twenty-nine languages. The article Sex, Lies and Conversation appeared in the Washington Post in 1990 and gives insight to how opposite sexes communicate with each other. From an early age we are programed to play and be friends with the same gender as our own.
In an effort for people to correctly identify themselves, languages adopt and replace numerous terms over time. When it comes to terms to define one’s gender, there is a correlation between the terms and a person’s age. Anne Curzan’s article “Guys and …?” explores the issue of finding age appropriate terms to describe women. The article discusses how this dilemma is prevalent for female college students, as at times neither “girl” nor “woman” seems suitable.
Communication of the Sexes The tongue of a blue whale can weigh as much as an elephant, but there exists a tongue that is far more powerful than that of the blue whale’s tongue, that is the human tongue (Santoso). When utilized properly, the human tongue can accomplish great feats, but if misused can cause a plethora of problem. A certain measure of success in life depends on utilizing communication in a wise way. Debra Tannen, a well-known authority on communication, says men and women communicate in different ways.
The way each activity is perform is based on how the well the person was taught and their culture backgrounds. As women go on the into the real world they think they have master how to communicate, but only to learn they’re communicate cripples. A woman is consider to be a “lady”, but when talked like one she is criticized and assumed she’s unable to think clearly or take part in any serious discussion. When a woman does decided to talk like a “lady” she is still disparage for being “unfeminine” and for thinking like a man. Damned if they do, and damned if they don’t.
Gender Language in Japan The study of language and gender has had a big impact on Japanese ideology. The use of Japanese language in Japan include, how the language reveals attitudes towards gender and how people use the language by speaking and writing in ways that reflect gender. In Japan for instance, gender differences in Japanese language used to be very recognizable, but recently the language has become more gender natural as the language evolved.
Morghan Renfrow Instructor C. Shackelford English 1113, Section 101 1 September 2016 Analysts of “How Male and Female Students Use Language Differently” An essay written by Deborah Tannen called “How male and females students use language differently”, is describing how they talk and interact with others. The writer presents different studies on how language changes based on a certain person. The essay states that men are more aggressive and talkative, while women are calm and modest about talking about the views they share.
According to sexologists John Money and Anke Ehrhardt, sex and gender are separate categories. “Sex, they argued, refers to physical attributes and is anatomically and physiologically determined. Gender they saw as a psychological transformation - the internal conviction that one is either male or female (gender identity) and the behavioral expressions of that conviction” (Sterling 4). Although there are biological differences between the two sexes, but gender roles are socially constructed. They determine how males and females should think, speak, dress, behave and interact with society.
Corinne LaLonde Professor Creighton CWP 102 8am March 8th, 2018 Critical Analysis of Men and Women in Conversation is Cross-Cultural Communication The issue of differences between men and women in conversation has been a subject of overreaching research, with various scholars in the subject of linguistics providing different views and conclusions. The current paper criticizes an excerpt of Deborah Tannen’s work, Men and Women in Conversation is Cross-Cultural Communication. In the exceprt of her work, Deborah Tannen, a professor of Linguistics, addresses linguistic differences as they relate to intimate male and female relations (Githens). While Tannen contributes significant literature to the study of linguistics, his work lacks clarity and
One of these perspectives is analyzing communication through gender. In the book, You Just Don’t Understand, Deborah Tannen (1990) popularized the term “genderlect” to describe the way in which men and women communicate with each other. She suggested that men and women have different styles of conversing, forming two distinct dialects. In a review of Tannen’s book, DeFrancisco (1992) attributed the differing communication styles of men and women to the respective cultures in which they grow up. Because of such gender differences, misunderstanding between men and women creates a gap in the communication process.
Sex and gender are the two terms used for identification of masculinity and femininity among humans in our daily life. Sex is the biological term that determines the biological and “anatomical” differences between male and female species. It also clarifies the primary and secondary sex characteristics a person should have in order to be male or female. However, gender is a socially and culturally constructed term that delineates the distinction between men and women and their roles in the society. Gender is also used to organize relationships between man and women in social life.
Unlike ‘sex’, which typically refers to the biological and physiological differences, gender is a sociological concept that describes the social and cultural constructions that is associated with one’s sex (Giddens & Sutton, 2013, p. 623-667). The constructed (or invented) characteristics that defines gender is an ongoing process that varies between societies and culture and it can change over time. For example, features that are overly masculine in one culture can be seen as feminine in another; however, the relation between the two should not be seen as static. Gender socialization is thought to be a major explanation for gender differences, where children adhere to traditional gender roles from different agencies of socialization. Gender
The working definition I will use for this paper is, “language that avoids the use of certain expressions or words that might be considered to exclude particular groups of people, especially gender-specific words, such as "man", "mankind", and masculine pronouns, the use of which might be considered to exclude women”.
Throughout most of history and the usage of the word gender in the past, gender has been defined as groups of males or females and a class that is distinguished based off of certain
\Numerous studies have been conducted to further evaluate how men and women communicate, differences in their communication as well as how cultural differences play a role in communication. However, many studies do not show how these differences in culture or gender carry over into the day-to-day responsibilities in the workplace, many of the research only shows the gender and cultural communication in close personal relationships. Many written articles explore the differences in communication regarding gender and culture, but do not explore the various forms of communication such as verbal and nonverbal communication. To understand the gender and cultural differences in communication in the workplace the factors that affect and stem from these