“GENDER GAP IN UPPER MANAGEMENT”
Introduction:
Workplace promotion is a burning issue among women in any given workforce. The representation of women in senior level management is a stark departure from the expectation. Through this project we delve deeper into the issues of promotion of employees and identify the gap in the existing policies or lack of such policies providing equal opportunity to workplace promotion for women.Corporate policies and practices in training and career development, promotion, and compensationare often identified as major components of the glass ceiling that prevent women from making it to the top. The experience that women need in areas such as operations, manufacturing, or marketing is often not offered to young
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The point of gender bias has been a sensitive issue for many women who report/complain of ineffectiveness in HR policies in curtailing such biases. Our motivation for choosing this topic is attributed to the age long debate of gender discrimination/bias.
As per the recent results, there are only 21 women CEOs among FORTUNE 500 companies. This clearly put a question mark on the existing HR policies concerning workplace promotion and representation of women in senior management level.Explanations for the extremely low numbers ofwomen in the position of Chief ExecutiveOfficer (CEO) and other senior managementpositions go beyond corporate policies andpractices and also embrace the impact of genderbasedbehavioral dynamics. This is especially truein considering subjective explanations that takeinto account the reasons why women are oftennot attracted to senior management positions tobegin with or feel uncomfortable in the positionswhen they have attained them. Women executivesare more likely to cite these subjectivereasons as
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Oakley]
This article examines explanations for why women have not risen to the top, including lack of line experience, gender differences in linguistic styles and socialization, inadequate career opportunities, the old boy network at the top, gender-based stereotypes and tokenism.
• Women at the top of corporations: Making it happen [Mckinsey Report]: Women Matter 2010]-
Low importance to gender diversity in company’s strategic agenda and the implementation of dedicated programs remains limited overall.
• Women’s underrepresentation in upper management: New insights on a persistent problem [Jenny M. Hoobler, Grace Lemmon, Sandy J. Wayne]-
In this article the workplace social problem has been recognized as major reason for women’s lack of ascendency to the top jobs.
• Witz, A. and M. Savage: 1992, ‘Theorethical Introduction: The Gender of Organizations’, in A.Witz and M. Savage (eds.), Gender and Bureaucracy (Blackwell Publishers,
In today’s society despite of the progress women have reached there are still barriers that are placed in society. According to author “Thirty-four percent of all families headed by women are poor: the rates are higher for African American women, Latinas and Native American women, and the rate has been increasing” (Andersen, 2015, p. 3). The previous statistics reveal that even living in a society were “equality for both genders” is usually advocated, women’s are still suffering the biggest discrimination in the workplace and in society. Even professional women working full time are being paid less than males. Moreover, professional women are continuously suffering from barriers such as the glass ceiling effect this clearly affect women from raising to upper level positions.
Furthermore, Olsson presents us with another alarming fact that show that not only it is almost impossible to get promoted in Walmart, it is more difficult to get promoted if the employee is a female. According to Olsson, “Wal-Mart today has the same percentage of women in management that the average company had in 1975” (5). In other words, the percentage of women in management did not change from 1975, when women weren’t equal in a work atmosphere as they today. Olsson provides statistic that improves her argument and reveals Walmart unfairness.
Women, following this ruling, would continue to be placed in lower jobs than men on the basis that they were not interested in it and had different values than men. This argument was accepted without any disagreement, continuing the long held stereotypes of women. Stereotypes of women were used as a justification for not allowing women to be placed in jobs that are normally dominated by men. These personal characteristics also seemed to be expected for all women. All women were perceived to fall under the umbrella of not wanting to take jobs that involved competitiveness, risky salary, and deterred from the normal working hours.
For example, there are a number of, more commonly international but often local as well, businesses who will not choose to put an individual in a higher up position specifically because of their sex. A person’s sex can be intimidating or uncomfortable to the opposing gender. More often than not, there are separated work worlds; a man’s and a woman’s. According to Rosalind Barnett’s research with women in the workplace, “women are said to be stuck to the "sticky floor." In contrast, when males enter female professions, they tend to quickly advance to the top of the hierarchy.
The positions that females had were more likely to be chief information officer or human resources officer. The study determined that very little progress was made even in large leading hospitals in the nation, to close gender gaps in healthcare leadership. In fact, the top hospitals in the country should be leaders in closing the gaps and provide a good example of women in high ranking chief positions. (Lantz, 2008) In addition, there is less diversity in pay rates and on surveys that are self-reported, women healthcare executives earn lower salaries as men who are in similar positions. 29 of women said that gender played a vital role in receiving lower compensations in 2006, whereas 1 percent of men said the same.
There are more doctors, professors, writers, dentists, lawyers, than ever. However, women are still misrepresented in areas such as Congress and the top positions in the business world, such as CEO’s, board members, and executives. While the movement for women has been a long battle, the battle is far from over. Diversity is necessary and will be necessary for years to come. Therefore, the equality of women in the workplace is just as
One of the reasons why many women are stuck looking at the glass ceiling. Although, several women are graduating with degrees, many are confined in their positions at their place of employment. While have a corporate position would be the ultimate goal, many women are starting their own businesses. By starting their own companies, they are taking ownership of their skills, lives and careers. If a woman makes the decision to open a non- profit, they are still able to generate a salary from the organization.
Having a higher level of education than men may get some women in the door at their job but it doesn’t always get them a seat at the table
Over the last 55 years, the number of women in the workplace has steadily increased to nearly the same number of men. Additionally, jobs that women hold have expanded into roles that were once male-dominated, such as business professionals, doctors, lawyers, etc., and some women have even broken through the Glass Ceiling into senior management and executive roles. However, in spite of various laws and regulations that are in place to protect women in the workplace, women continue to experience various forms of inequality, including unequal pay, fewer job advancement and training opportunities, and stereotyping and workplace harassment. Relevance in anthropology Men and women have played various roles in society since the beginning of time and these roles have evolved over time.
In the second decade of the 21st century, the few women that make it to the top as still seen as “the exception” and according to research this is a “pipeline problem”. Overall, women form a significant part of the labour force, but the pipeline breaks somewhere between middle management and the c-suite (the top executives). This break in the pipeline is caused by various issues including organizations failing to recognize and identify their own glass ceilings and developing appropriate solutions that not only destroy the glass ceiling but also rectify their leadership pipelines. Most importantly, the presence of high-status female managers has a huge impact on gender inequality in the workplace, women in positions of authority get to make decisions on issues including gender pay gap and diversified hiring practices. However, this break in the pipeline limits women’s access to leadership positions and “employees just don’t see enough women in leadership positions at their companies” (Coffman,
INTRODUCTION. Sexism towards women in the workplace also known as occupational sexism is one of the oldest form of discrimination against women. Despite increasing campaigns on gender equality and feminist movements worldwide, working women continue to fight for equality especially in white-collar setings. Though there has been profound progress through the years, working women continue to face more challenges as compared to men both in the western as well as developing countries. Studies now show that the Equal Pay Act passed in the United States in 1963 to abolish gender based salary differences is not being enforced as women continue to earn less than their male counterparts in the same field (Campos,2015).
In an organization, the hierarchy usually consists of a singular or group of power at the top with subsequent levels of power beneath them. This is the commonly used way of delegating staff or members of the organization in most organizations. Corporations, governments, and religious organizations are hierarchical organizations with different levels of management, power and authority. The workplace has sometimes been referred to as an inhospitable place for women due to the multiple forms of gender inequalities present (Abrams, 1991). Some examples of how workplace discrimination negatively affects women’s earnings and opportunities are the gender wage gap (Peterson and Morgan, 1995), the scarcity of women in leadership (Eagly and Carli, 2007), and the longer time required for women compared to men to advance in their careers (Blau and DeVaro, 2007).
Specific Purpose: After listening to my speech, the audience will be able to understand the history of the Glass ceiling, what the Glass Ceiling is, how the Glass Ceiling’s existence is ignored by some, and the ideas there are for cracking the Glass Ceiling. Thesis: Women have encountered barriers that block them from climbing the corporate ladder since the beginning of time, and some Americans ignore this ceiling while others come up with ideas to shatter it. INTRODUCTION: I. Attention Getter:
The reading “Gendering Organizational Theory” written by Joan Acker analyzes the importance of implementing gendered organizations into the organization of public administration that integrate the role of women with neutrality. The author advocates for the usage of gender structures that advocates for gender-neutral character, job evaluation and the concept of abstract worker into the structure of complex organizations. Acker argued, “Jobs and hierarchies are represented as gender neutral, and every time such a job evaluation system is used, the notion of gender-neutral structure and the behavior based on that notion are re-created within the organization” (p. 425). The reading begins its discussion by mentioning the differences in treatment, society roles, and limitations and women face in their daily lives.
Over the past 40 years defenders of women’s right have worked hard to assure growth of women's careers, trying to contest what is attribute as ‘the glass ceiling’ which is the invisible barriers that control woman from rising to top positions in corporate context. From the mid-90s European Government firms and private and public organizations have pursued a suit, bringing the recruitment of women at the upper levels of companies. The increasing prominence of leaders like Carly Fiorina, Hillary Clinton, and Condoleezza Rice accentuate the development in gender roles over the last half century. In the first paragraph I will discuss what do you need to be a successful leader and also about how women rises in organizational structures and practices,