There has been a lot of economic and social researches concerning this problem. The results did not differ noticeably and most of them discovered some important factors of disparities in men’s and women’s wage such as different career and education choices, occupation, experience and working hours (Wagner, 2015). As it is seen, all of the mentioned elements are more related to personal choices rather than the situation of the society. As these factors have a significant impact to the pay gap, it is important to analyse them
Divorce Iranian Style is a 1998 documentary film directed by Kim loninotto and Ziba Mr-Hosseini. In this documentary, it shows the chronicles of three real divorce cases in Iran's tribunals. These legal battles of the three Iranian couples seeking divorce in the Iranian court system is quite interesting. It depicts the culturally differences between men and women in the Iranian court, it also shows the complexity of blending religious law with a state-run court system. A key purpose of the documentary was to investigate the division and contrast between men and women in the Iranian court system.
More specifically, gender inequality in education and employment reduce economic growth (Klasen 2003, 3). This explicitly came forward when assessing Morocco’s economy in the earlier mentioned IMF report, looking at the relationship between gender inequality and growth, and found that better integration of women into the economy could substantially positively influence the country’s growth: if there were as many women working as men currently are in Morocco, income per capita would increase by 150 percent (IMF 2017). Regarding Morocco in this context, it seems to be the case that indeed, inequality – in this case gender inequality- does indeed hinder the country’s (economic) growth. In relation to globalisation and its processes that result in a more integrated world, gender equality takes significant costs. A main aspect of globalisation is international trade, which generally, increases welfare (Beugelsdijk et al.
This can be looked at low enough if the average world gender pay gap is at 17.9 percent (Bajec). From 13.2 percent in 2005, the gap in Egypt was marked as 37.7 percent in the year 2010 (Cengiz). There are many sides that contribute to the high pay gap within Europe. These are mainly core options as well as policies that are set by the government. Women sometimes take less hours at work compared to the men in Egypt.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Pekkarinen (2012) argues that “widening gender gap in education combined with recent wage and employment polarization will likely lead to widening inequalities and is linked to declining male labor force participation”. Poor performance of either sex is not good for the economy and society. However, Gibb Fergusson and Horwood (2008) observed that the persuasive theme on discourses of the origins of gender performance gap is that gender differences in educational achievement are largely a reflection of gender differences in classroom behavior. Proponents of inside school factors as contributors to gender
This survey was conducted only on the students who are planning to study abroad (including their parents), providing a compelling and convincing evidence. This is a typical pair of push-pull factor that drives students to study abroad: the unsatisfying educational system in China “pushes students out” and the higher quality of education in other countries “pulls students in”. China is very famous for its rigid education system, starting from primary school, students are taught to obey everything teachers say and not having their own thoughts in order to get to good grades, and everything they had done since primary school, is to perform well in the Gaokao (the Chinese version of the SAT, with only one chance) and get them into a good university. Also, the Chinese educational system focuses only on the scores, instead of the cultivation multifaceted students. Even in the high school affiliated to Renmin University, one of the best high schools in China, teachers in the main campus were relatively open-minded compared to those of other schools, yet they still discriminate students whose talents are not studying and who participates in school activities a lot.
Gender inequalities usually occur in countries with a lower level of education. Moreover, lower income also influences education level in a household; a girl’s access to education is based on the family’s poverty level. Pakistan is a type of country that also faces gender inequality in both rural and urban areas which results in a low income, political and social status in the society. According to UNDP (1998), there has been a gender gap increase in
Research shows that average pay in such jobs is higher to compensate for the risk. Therefore, due to the fact that women and men do different type of jobs and work different hours, the gap in wage is not related to gender discrimination and feminism is again proven to be irrelevant
The authors of the report — Mansour Kiani, Khalil Attar and Jila Habibi — estimated that approximately 23.3 million Iranian city dwellers live under the poverty line and cannot subsist on their incomes. The report did not include statistics for rural Iran. Furthermore, 46 percent of Iranian women ages 15 to 24 are unemployed, and the unemployment rate for young adults is twice that of the general unemployment rate. This means that the country is officially in an unemployment crisis. And it seems that Iranians who are employed are powerless in pushing to increase pay, benefits and working
The gender gap in economic participation can be measured through the difference in numbers between men and women participating in the labour workforce. In the world currently, 82% of men participate in the labour workforce while only 56% of women do. It is estimated that if women participated in the workforce identically to men, the annual gross domestic product (GDP) in 2025 could increase as much as 26%; closing the gender gap by allowing more women to participate in the workforce is critical for long-term economic benefits. However, several factors hold women back from economic participation for several reasons, such as social norms, discriminatory laws, and gaps in legal protection. Therefore, it is crucial for governments to enforce laws