This can be more difficult than it sounds, because it can be difficult to anticipate how participants will react to a study. It is usually easy to recognize when someone’s physical safety is in jeopardy, but it is complicated to recognize when a person’s emotional well-being is at risk. Researchers have an obligation to minimize any procedures that have the potential to cause harm to your participants. In general, avoid designs in which participants could be humiliated, embarrassed, scared, anxious, stressed, saddened, or discouraged. The participants’ physical and mental state should be the same as when they arrived for your experiment then by the end your experiment.
The participants would be informed by the researcher that the results would be confidential and anonymous, and if he or she feels the need to leave at any time during the survey they may do so without feeling uncomfortable in any way and without receiving any penalties. The students would be asked to stay behind after they have completed their exams to complete the survey. Once a student has completed his or her midterm exam, they student would bring up their exam to the front of the classroom to hand their exam in. Then the researcher supervising that classroom would hand the student a survey for them to complete if they choose to. On the first page of the survey, the participant would be given a consent form to read and sign regarding the experiment.
& Andrew, R., 1996). Gender is considered one of the most solid predictors of help-seeking attitudes. Past studies found gender to be a significant predictor of help-seeking attitudes, with women consistently reported being more positive attitudes toward help-seeking attitudes across studies (Aegisdottir & Gerstein, 2009; Mackenzie, Gekoski, &
Gender roles affect how men and women are seen and contributes to the inequality of women. If men were not constantly seen as the “breadwinners” or “protectors,” women would not have to do things like fight for equal pay. If women were not forced into submissive roles, and jobs such as nursing (viewed as a common submissive role by stereotypes (How Nurses are portrayed in film)), it would be possible for men to hold such jobs and roles that are catered to women, without the backlash that accompanies such decisions. The fact that we are currently going through a time, where women finally feel safe speaking against sexual assault and harassment (Time’s Up Movement), shows that there was a dramatic problem in the system before; one that can be
Considering the held nature of genders, the study would look into the extent of which characteristics of gender is more accepting and open when it comes to their relatives who are involved in interracial relationships. Although from the previous findings of Field, Kimuna, and Straus (2013), gender has no impact with regards to acceptance of interracial relationships. Also from Pierce stating that, other factors such as race place significance when it comes to positive attitudes, but with regards to gender there is no significanct difference. Few of the
The Negative Effects of Gender Stereotypes Stereotypes often have negative impacts on a lot of people. A stereotype is a fixed image of a particular person or thing that is not necessarily true. The effects of stereotypes on people are discussed in the short story, “A Jury of Her Peers” by Susan Glaspell. Glaspell begins the story with an investigation of a mysterious murder of a man, where Mrs. Wright, the wife of the victim, is a prime suspect. The sheriff, the county attorney, and the neighbor who found the body, Mr. Hale, investigate the crime scene.
Kramarae (1981:145), on the other hand, states that ‘men specialize in instrumental or task behaviours and women specialize in expressive or social activities’. Society’s sex-stereotyping of jobs influence girls’ behaviour and expectations, and encourage positive attitude towards language learning while society’s division of tasks and assumptions according to sex is transferred to boys and girls through formal and informal instruction. This alliance between society-education may explain boys’ and girls’ different concerns, attitudes and expectations. Girls’ communicative skills are enhanced if not maximised because of their expected patterns of interaction. Consequently, girls may develop a liking for languages.
In addition to this comparison from the past and present regarding the gender-role attitude, according to Eagly and Kite (1987) due to social changes in opportunity structures and constraining institutional arrangements, gender differences have decreased over time, having these stated as a factor that has an effect in gender-role attitude change. Research on intergenerational transmission have followed either childhood socialization or social status models or a combination of the two (Moen, Erickson & Dempster-McClain, 1997), also, attitudes remain susceptible to change, particularly during adolescence and early adulthood, as individuals are exposed to new social influence (Fan & Manini, 2000). Any slight congruence in gender-role attitudes
This study was refers to the participant observation because Sugiyono (2011, p 226) states that “In participants observation, the researcher observes what people do, listen to what they say, and participate”. But in this case the researcher as passive participation. Susan Stainback (1988) in Sugiyono (2009) states that passive participation means the researcher
Under the patriarchal society, inequalities in gender relations impact both men and women from social, emotional and material perspectives (Connell, 2001). The dominant belief that men are physically tougher causes them to dominate dangerous and toxic occupations in society with little attention addressed to the impact on their health status (Connell, 2005). Furthermore, the stereotype of hegemonic masculinity causes men’s sexuality to be more constrained by homophobia and a taboo of showing emotional signs of vulnerability and fear (Connell, 2005). However, the under-privilege of women suggests even greater inequalities between genders. Throughout history, women have always been supressed by men, especially when women were once viewed as being physically too delicate to participate in the public sphere.