Hegemonic Gender
Introduction
Gender difference exists in every aspect of our lives. Originally, all human beings are equal until people started to define them and make the constructed definition to become “myth” that is believe as a real thing. Gender is one of the issues that are socially constructed to make people believe that the dichotomy between male and female are real. In education, the myths of gendered educational differences are found universally including Thailand.
Since the old days, Thai people hold gender stereotypes of perceiving men in the field of engineering as the ‘hegemonic masculinity’ or ‘ideal man’. By studying engineering, one conforms to the gender roles of masculinity in academic context. On the contrary, for some men who choose to study in feminine-related fields such as Faculty of Arts, they are considered as the ‘subordinate masculinity’ that contradicts with
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R. W. Connell claims that hegemonic masculinity “embodied the currently most honored way of being a man” (2005). Hegemonic masculinity is a way to show difference and superiority of man over woman. However, it was not only refer to the segregation of men and women but also amongst men. In academic context, when comparing between male students in engineering and arts, it is possible to apply hegemonic masculinity to men in engineering areas since they represent the notion of highest esteem among professions for men. On the other hand, men who study at Faculty of Arts will be perceived as out of norm and will not be counted as “hegemonic masculinity”. The main reason why people considered most male Arts students as subordinated group of masculinity is because Faculty of Arts, for Thai people, is a place for female and there is also a universal belief that Engineering and Liberal Arts are the dichotomy of two
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