The soldiers minimized sexual violence and preferred not to address any implications of the matter at hand if possible and criticized or ignored the victims and did not trust the reporting procedures. The investigators found that sexual violence was a tool in the military to control hierarchy positions and masculinities. The authors concluded that masculinity is a common feature among militaries in general and hypothesized that it might be a common feature across cultures and nations. The authors defined sexual violence as, “A forceful sexual act, committed against the consent of an individual, including verbal, physical, and psychological violence.” (Korean Sexual Violence Relief Center [KSVRC], 2003 The results of the survey administered concluded that 671 respondents who participated, 103 people answered that they were directly
Women of color felt that they had responsibility to keep family completely (Lacey, Saunders & Zhang 2011). In Western and other cultures, the perception of the legitimacy of men’s violence is built up from beliefs with a long history (Stration 2002). Men should be the dominant in both household and intimate relationship and have the right to execute their power by physical punishment. Also, men have uncontrollable sexual impulse while women are malicious and deceptive, and the marriage is the guarantee of sexual consent (Flood & Pease 2009). Western culture of men’s violence is similar to Chinese culture.
Previous and current sociology scholars have come up with several theories to answer the question "why do men use violence?". Up to this day, it is believed that current sociological literatures are divided into three perspectives: family violence perspective, feminist perspective and integrative perspective. This paper upholds an integrated theory of resource theory, feminist perspective and socio-demographic perspective. In this paper, we situated the theory in Chinese society and selected five cases based on Oral Accounts of Battered Women in China to test the validity of the theory. The findings confirm the theory and further suggest that the domestic violence should be regarded as a problem from a societal level.
The author also argues that, “As a society, globally we are much more likely to tolerate violence against men than against women. Most victims of violent crime are male.” This is helpful because it shows that society does not notice sexism against men, or is much more likely to tolerate it, because we are so much more focused on women who are victims of violent
Why don’t male victims get the same acknowledgment as female victims? Men are supposed to be stronger than female abusers and perhaps like the reason most people don’t report any domestic violent crime, they are too embarrassed to tell anyone. “ According to one study, 63% of males as opposed to 15% of females had a deadly weapon used against them in a fight with an intimate partner” (Men: The overlooked Victims….1). Physical abuse is often associated with control and power over the victim and most often includes emotional and/ or psychological abuse within the
For instance, the attention given to celebrities’ views of the Delhi Rape and the personal story of the victim’s pain and promise struck a chord with readers and, in turn, fulfilled this economic imperative. However, the Delhi Rape is more than just a horrific crime that ignited anger; it needs to be understood as a matter of gender justice. Gender justice situates crimes against women within the larger structure of patriarchal power. The structure of power has worked against the interests of women in the way sexual crimes are reported in India and other societies. Over the course of this study, press had worked to better understand the progress which has made with respect to gender justice against the propensity for sensationalism - a paradox that requires a great deal of thought.
In earlier times, violence against women was a result of the prevalent atmosphere of ignorance and feudalism. Today violence against women is an uncontrollable phenomenon, which is a direct result of the rapid urbanization, industrialization and structural adjustment programs which are changing the socio-economic scenario of our country. "Violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women, which have led to domination over and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention of the full advancement of women" (United Nations Declaration1993) Domestic violence has attracted much attention of the sociologists in India since the decades of 1980s. Violence affects the lives of millions of women, worldwide, in all socio- economic and educational classes. It cuts across cultural and religious barriers, threatening the right of women to participate fully in society.
These cultures often accept and allow the brutalization of women through rape and other forms of sexual or domestic violence. Because of these attitudes, laws that are meant to protect women (if there are any) are not enforced adequately and crimes against women are not regarded with appropriate seriousness. In societies that enforce the subordination of women, rape and sexual violence is used as a means of control and even punishment for women who "misbehave." A lack of education domestically and globally results in the erasure of these gendered issues. Because of this, the oppression occurring in "third world" countries are not regarded with the appropriate urgency and remain unsolved.
Feminist criminological thought is used to examine how the patriarchal society that we live in negatively affects men and women. Weiss (2010) found that men who are victims of sexual crimes often end up confused as to whether they were assaulted and if they should report it or not. Men are confused because of the gender roles in which the patriarchal society subjects them too. Masculinity tells men that they are more powerful and should always be ready for sexual relations with females. Javaid (2015) examined police responses to the male victims that do report the crimes that were committed.
Let us not forget that gender is something that is so embedded in our social institutions, actions, beliefs and our desires that it appears to us to be completely natural. Research has shown that gender power inequality in relationships and intimate partner violence places women at a high risk of HIV infection especially in the African continent. Men’s behaviors tend to show high violent and sexual risky behaviors. Raewyn Connell’s notion states the hegemonic masculinity and reflections on emphasized femininities to argue that these sexual, and male violent, practices are rooted in cultural ideals of gender identities. In our country gender identities show diversity, the dominant ideal of black African manhood emphasizes toughness, strength