Genetic Testing Pros And Cons

Despite controversy, the actual science behind the creation of designer babies is supported not only by the public but also the reproductive medical community in regards to genetic disease screening to ensure only healthy embryos are selected.

In his work, Tom Regan establishes the rights of animals used in scientific research. He argues that when animals are used as objects of experiment, they are not respected and their inherent value is not acknowledged. Having inherent value, as defined by Regan, is a state, in which a being is not just a vessel, but a being with a complex mental life. All who have inherent value are to have it equally. It does not come in degrees and is not dependent on the being’s experiences and usefulness. Regan argues that if something has inherent value, it has rights and therefore deserves respect. An animal’s value is no less than a human’s, even when we fail to find an alternative in pursuing our goals. Our chosen goals should never be associated with

The practice of prenatal genetic testing, although becoming commonplace, has been put at the center of the abortion debate in the United States. Doctors should only perform prenatal genetic testing in rare cases and very sparingly in order to protect the lives of the unborn whose genome sequence may deviate from what is considered genetically ¨normal¨. Although ¨testing and abortion are not synonymous¨ (Rebouché and Rothenberg 993) these two have begun to form a clear connection in a world where abortion is now acceptable. While prenatal genetic testing makes improvements every year, there still is a risk of harming the unborn, yet living child. Not only can testing bring harm to the child, it may also lead to the parent´s terminating a

Many biologists/geneticists are in favor of eugenics due to the possibility of advancing the human race, limiting disease, and decreasing the occurrence of negative mutations, while others believe eugenic practices are unethical, useless, and have more potential for harm. Eugenic practices have proven to be extremely controversial, so I will focus on discussing the potential impacts of eugenics on the human body, society, and morality.

Genetic analysis should be used freely in society, but only to help those who actually need it. The movie advocates the rules of your genetic makeup which leads to certain opportunities being presented to certain people with higher pedigrees than other. If a person's genetic makeup is sub-par you are unable to obtain your goals in life. While this is not true in the real world it could become a possibility in the future. The movie gives evidence of how your genetic makeup could affect who you love, what jobs you get, and expose you to certain discriminations in your life.

According to Munson (2014), through genetic screening or testing, birth of infants with debilitating or crippling defects can be avoided. Also through testing, disease and illness could be eradicated because the gene that causes the disease or illness would not be passed on to the next generation. This is consider eugenics. Some in the medical field have a negative feeling towards this, as if to be playing God. There are others in the medical field on the extreme end feel that laws should be developed that couples with known genes that cause genetic disorders must not have children or if they do selection of embryos are done (Munson, 2014). Genetic testing is expensive and not all insurance cover specialized testing and many cannot afford out-of-pocket cost. Other issues considered is that if a child is born with a genetic disorder or illness, what strain could the lifelong treatment required by the child put on the finances of the family, their insurance, or would the child qualify for state and/or federal medical benefits. Advocates for genetic testing due to the increasing cost and strain on the health care system, the amount of money spent on tests to diagnosis or treat is much cheaper than that of money spent on the care of a child with disabilities (Munson, 2012). Considerations in regards to the future of an infant born with a genetic disease or illness with regards to issues as personal image, self-esteem, and the

Designer babies should be allowed in our society because it will encourage to scientist get a better understanding of the human genome. Danielle Simmons,Ph.D states , “Of course, as genetic research advances, tests are continually being developed for traits and behaviors that are not related to disease. Most of these traits and behaviors are inherited as complex conditions, meaning that multiple genes and environmental, behavioral, or nutritional factors may contribute to the phenotype. Currently, available tests include those for eye color, handedness, addictive behavior, "nutritional" background, and athleticism. But does knowing whether one has the background for these non disease traits negatively affect one 's self-concept or health perception? Studies are now beginning to address this question”(Genetic Inequality Par.4). This demonstrates that there have been improvements in the genetic test that can be taken due to genetic

As technology advances, more things become possible.  One of these things is genetically modifying a baby, this is very wrong.  Genetic modifying or genetic engineering is altering someone or something’s DNA.  Scientists hope to cure diseases with this method, but doing this can lead to some harmful effects.  This process is very unethical.  This can lead to genetic defects, it limits genetic diversity, and it can be taken to very extreme levels.    `

DNA has become a vital part of criminal investigations. DNA can include and exclude suspects of criminal investigations. During a criminal investigation, all DNA should be collected, properly preserved and tested, but at times this does not occur or the technology was not available for this process to occur. In addition, DNA has become an imperative portion of exoneration cases.

Ethical duties of genetic testing is a challenge among healthcare workers. Ethical dilemmas are created due to situations resulting from genetic testing. Ethical dilemmas is created when genetic testing reveals vital information to a patient and the patient refuses to disclose information to family members that can be affected. Healthcare workers are to protect the privacy of patient’s health records according to the Health Insurance Probability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) (Butts & Rich, 2016). On the other hand, according to the American Nurses Association (ANA) the primary obligation is to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number of people or the population as a whole (Butts & Rich, 2016). Healthcare workers are faced with an ethical choice. The ethical choice for genetic testing is to reveal information to family members if the greatest outcome is beneficial to the family member.

which will be discussed later. Abby Lippman, in her article “Prenatal Genetic Testing and Screeening: Constructing Needs and Reinforcing Inequalities” she also acknowledges this issue of autonomy through creation of her model of reproductive autonomy. In her framework, she believes that having access to a prenatal genetic screening is crucial to a woman’s reproductive autonomy or the ability to be better informed about reproductive choices that she, as a mother, can make (Lippman, 22). Similar to Botkin, Lippman’s autonomy based framework supports the access to prenatal testing. The implications of autonomy do not directly address the presence of governmental involvement in this issue, but patient autonomy does encourage the accessibility to

After every baby is born, people compare his or hers features to the parents. The baby has his mother’s blue eyes or the baby inherited his height from his father. All these examples could be true but people do not understand how the gene pool works. When a disorder runs in the family, the parents want to know the chances of their offspring having the disorder (GHR). This can be difficult to predict in some cases because many factors influence a person’s development of their genetic condition. It is a random mutation that occurs in the chromosome pairs before birth.

After reading the articles,”Why We Should Think Twice About Giving Genetic Tests to Our Kids” ,by Michael White, and “Genetic Testing for Kids:Is It a Good Idea?”, by Bonnie Rochman, parents should not give these tests to their children.If the children did take the test the result would outway the benefits, they would have anxiety, and the testing doesn’t always work.

It is a controversial topic as some people argue that it is unnatural - thus unethical. Assuming that all that is against the nature is wrong, would it not mean that saving a person is also unnatural. Inaction in this case would be natural way, therefore ethical thing to do. The practice shows that it is unethical to be inactive when a person is in a danger, otherwise there would not have been a law that punishes for inaction. It does not mean that inaction is wrong, but only it question where the boundaries should lie. Some argue that it is against Christianity. Nonetheless, holy books does not have an explicitly written text about genetic screening. The arguments are only constructed from implications of the holy texts. As the holy texts might hold many different meanings, who can know for sure, if genetic screening is just or unjust way? As this topic is very complicated dilemma and needs a further debates to come to a common consensus, one should consider two outcomes: when it is morally accepted and when it is condemned as unethical thing to do. In the latter case, the choice of screening out a deaf child de facto would be unethical, as it would employ unethical means to reach the result. This paper would focus on the former case due to limitations of this papers

Imagine a world today where people didn’t have the technologies. If there were no technologies today, humans wouldn’t have phones, computers, tablets, Instagram, Twitter, or Snapchat. Technology is now a big part of people’s society and predictable future. Electronic devices like cars, phones, tablets, and computers have all been created over time to make peoples live helpful and easier. The benefits of technology are that people can talk to their friends and relatives who are living far from them, they can learn new things and online courses, and they’re able to reach distant places within hours which took years of time to reach in olden days. Even though people think that technology is harmful to people; however, technology is good for people