Geoffrey Leech's Theory Of Politeness
As it was said in his article, face is described as a positive merit, attributed to each individual in a particular social interaction. Face is a public image of ourselves, concerned with showing emotions and feelings. People attempt to maintain a self-image they created to be positively perceived by others. It also works as a mask, where an individual can change it according to a situation, in order to protect the face against threats. Feeling comfortable and being accepted is a basic human need, therefore, saving a face have a positive affect on every entity living in a society. Wherefore losing face means losing public respect and results in humiliation and embarrassment. 1.1.2 Negative and Positive Face Basing on Erving Goffman’s concept, …show more content…
Geoffrey Leech’s Politeness Maxims In his work, Principles of Pragmatics, Geoffrey Leech introduces the politeness Maxims, which its main aim can be described as minimizing the expression of impolite beliefs in order to simplify communication and construct a friendly relationships with other people. Leech distinguished two main variations of politeness: negative and positive, obviously meaning that the positive behaviour should be maximized while negative minimalized. The theory gives and inside into six maxims of politeness, working as guidelines explaining the behaviour during conversation if the speaker tends to be polite towards the hearer. (Leech, 1983) 1. The Tact Maxim Minimize cost to other, maximise benefit to other. (Leech, 1983:132) The Tact Maxim stands for directive formulation which includes polite expression. Also, the minimizers can be used to reduce the implied cost to the hearer. • Just pop upstairs and… • Hang on a second! • I’ve got a bit of problem. 2. The Generosity Maxim Minimize benefit to self; maximize cost to self (Leech, 1983:132) The Generosity Maxim interact with the Tact Maxim. The maxim states that for the speaker, others should be more important than the self. Speaker’s benefits are minimalized and the cost are
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