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Glass Ceiling Case Study

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Women’s Intention to Enter Top Management in Malaysia a Closer Look at The “Glass Ceiling” Phenomenon

Nurul Azwa Mohamed Khadri
Lecturer
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
Kelantan, Malaysia azwa.mk@gmail.com Dr. Geetha Subramaniam
Associate Professor
Universiti Teknologi MARA
Shah Alam, Malaysia geethamaniam@gmail.com ABSTRACT

Malaysia has undergone a transformation over the past few decades as they move from a primarily agrarian society to modern industrial society. These economic changes have important implications on demographic and labour issues. Even though an increase in demand for a highly skilled workforce has seen more women enter the labor force, but the number of women at top management level is considerably very low. The implications of this issue range from micro level, such as women’s dissatisfaction over the job opportunities and exiting from the labor force to macro issues such as brain drain and migration. This study aims to identify the main challenges that women face to enter top management positions in Malaysia either it is from personal challenges or work challenges. 300 respondents were selected in order to collect the data. “Glass ceiling” in this study represents the barriers that women face to enter top management positions in the organization. Glass ceiling is categorised into two main categories in this study: (1) personal challenges that consist of demographic factors, family commitment and family support; and (2) work challenges that consist

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