Glycolysis Research Paper

Glycolysis:
To begin the process of harvesting the energy received from glucose, glycolysis first occurs.
There are 10 steps involved in Glycolysis. The goal of glycolysis is to convert 1 glucose molecule to 2 Pyruvate molecules.
Glucose + 2NAD+ + 2ADP + 2P 2 Pyruvate + 2NADH + 2ATP + 2H20 + 2H+ .

Steps one to three is when the energy is invested. Steps four and five involve the glucose splitting into smaller molecules. Steps six to ten is when the energy is released in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) and NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide).

In step one the enzyme Hexokinase uses the ATP to phosphorylate the glucose. This is an investment of energy. This is a crucuial part for the glucose as it is ready to be released for energy in a later stage. This step produces

This step results in the formation of Glyceraldeyde 3-Phosphate.
All the following steps occur twice, once for each molecule of Glyceraldeyde 3-Phosphate. These next steps are the energy generation steps.
Step six starts off by the enzyme Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase. NAD is used to oxidise this enzyme. The resulting molecule is then connected to the enzyme by a high energy Thioester bond. The molecules inorganic phosphate displaces the bond which forms a high energy asoanhydryl bond which then forms 1,3-Biphosphoglycerate.
In step seven, the enzyme Phospho-glycerate Kinase dephosphorylates the above product. High energy phosphate transferred ADP, forming ATP. A 3 carbon molecule, 3-Phosphoglycerate is formed. As this process occurs twice, a total of two ATP are created. Therefore the energy put into the first three steps is now paid back.
Step eight sees the 3-Phosphoglycerate transformed by the enzyme Phoso-glycerate mutase into