“I especially liked the part where the Negroes, bless their hearts, couldn 't help being inferior to the white race because their skulls are thicker and their brain-pans shallower...” Jean Louis, from Harper Lee’s Go Set A Watchman states. This reveals the reason why people of color are inferior to whites. Lee’s Go Set A Watchman and Jim Wallis’s America’s Original Sin both reveal the repercussions of racism, which shows the way America was heavily influenced by segregation. This is shown through the viewpoints whites had towards blacks, individual actions, and the way it divides an entire nation. Segregation in the 1950’s was still a substantial concern as Go Set A Watchman and America’s Original Sin point out by showing the way people viewed …show more content…
An example of this is shown when these actions affect others surrounding them, that is why the action of each character in the books is of great relevance. For instance, Jean Louis found a racist pamphlet on her father 's desk that had an image of an “anthropophagous Negro” and in the title it said, “The Black Plague.” As she tossed it to the garbage, she could not get the idea straight that her father, who once had helped those colored people in need of justice, had turned his back and gone against them. The actions she took upon this discovery was her decision to confront him. Atticus was in a court meeting with several other men which according to Jean Louis they are “Maycomb’s trash.” He starts saying that the NAACP, those who try to gain rights for African Americans, attempt tricks which are unconstitutional like “demanding Negroes on the juries” and “force the judge into error.” He claims that Negroes are not capable or don’t have the “sufficient education” to be part of the justice system. The actions taken by Maycomb’s trash include, forcing them out of the jury, unlawfully accuse them of crimes they did not commit and have an unlawful trial. This wrongful behavior is also demonstrated by the work created by government officials and police officers, as narrated in Jim Wallis’s text, is discriminatory as he claims, “We expect too little of law enforcement officials when we fail to hold them accountable for the misjudgments …show more content…
Lee’s description of Maycomb being a small, unadvanced town in the South describes several other municipalities along this area. America’s Original Sin expresses the way religion took a big part in racism, how God never intended for there to be a drawn line among races in between his children. As Wallis specifies by saying “The United States has the most racial diversity of any country in the world… (which) is essential to our greatness, but it has also given us a history of tension and conflict. It has always been the resolving and...the reconciling of those tensions that makes us ‘a more perfect union.’ However, that cannot happen when we ignore, deny, or suppress our racial history...; it can occur only when we ...embrace it, and be ready to be transformed by it.” (Wallis, 28). As he brings out the way racism took a part in the United State’s history, he asserts the way this nation has also been divided by it. Being able to deal with the conflicts, different ideas and cultures that the United states has dealt with has made it a very divided country. This is the reason Harper Lee states “As sure as time, history is repeating itself, and as sure as man is man, history is the last place he’ll look for his lessons.” (Lee, 138) That is why the United States has become again what it was several years ago. There are different perspectives to the history of racism in the United States but in the end, it will always lead
Moral values were lost in the mid 1950s and lasted until 1968. African Americans were considered “lower class” compared to whites. There was a line that the colored race could not pass before authority. If blacks questioned authority, it was paid through crucial consequences. Segregation creates hatred, takes away rights, and kills family heritage.
Tatum uses the theoretical perspective of both symbolic interaction and conflict theory in this book. The symbolic interaction in this book looks at the social interaction between racial identities, how we see ourselves and how others see us. Furthermore, it manifests itself in the stereotypes and prejudices that are perpetuated in our society; stereotypes help to reinforce negative images and ideals that we have about different races. An example in her book Dr. Tatum explains that one of her white male student once responded in his journal “is not my fault that blacks do not write books” (1445).
In To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, Atticus believes Maycomb is unjust because the town is inconsiderate of other people’s view, which is shown when Atticus gets targeted for defending a black man, worries that his kids will become bitter and catch Maycomb’s disease, and Aunt Alexandra advising Atticus that he is raising his kids wrong. To begin with, Mrs Dubose addresses to Scout and her family about how Atticus is disgracing his race and his color by defending Tom Robinson on the alleged rape case. Mrs Dubose says, “Your father’s no better than the ni**ers and trash he works for” (135). Atticus views Maycomb as an injustice town because during this time period black people were seen as a lower class. Atticus is mark as an overall victim because in the trial the county is shocked that Atticus is
Some excellent examples of this are discrimination, bravery, and family. Lee introduces discrimination into the story by showing the different social structures of the people in Maycomb. For instance, even though the Robison’s, and other black families, are more courteous than the Ewells, they are put below them on the social scale because of the fact that they aren’t white; the only people that are put below blacks are mixed people because they are unwanted. When it came to the trial, it was the word of a white man against the word of a black. As a result, Tom was still convicted, even though he was telling the truth and the evidence showed it wasn’t him, because Mr. Ewell was a white man.
Not to mention, he takes the case without outwardly pleading it is a hopeless cause. To show, Atticus defends Tom Robinson as he would defend any white man, and makes it his civil duty to do this man right. Coupled with Atticus’s personal beliefs, he never shows regret in his obligation to Tom Robinson and his family. In another instance, Atticus respected these citizens even before the case. Though the residents of Maycomb did not agree with him, Atticus stuck to his belief all men are created equal.
Yet, there were times when whites were discriminated against, too. Many high society individuals segregated against blacks, as well as individuals of their own race due to their social stratification or relationship. Mr. Dolphus Raymond was a white man who was an outcast, because of his relationship with a lady who was black. "Jem," I asked, "what's a mixed child?" "Half white, half colored.
As a young country, the United States was a land of prejudice and discrimination. Wanting to grow their country, white Americans did what they had to in order to make sure that they were always on top, and that they were always the superior race. It did not matter who got hurt along the way because everything that they did was eventually justified by their thinking that all other races were inferior to them. A Different Mirror by Ronald Takaki describes the prejudice and discrimination against African Americans and Native Americans in the early history of the United States.
Atticus fears that "There's something in our world that makes men lose their heads—they couldn't be fair if they tried. In our courts, when it's a white man's word against a black man's, the white man always wins” (Page 224) Atticus confirmed that Maycomb won’t have a just system due to white men’s words to black men. This would only make Maycomb welcoming to white people and unwelcoming for black people. Maycomb is unwelcoming and unjust for the prejudice view for black
In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, the entire town of Maycomb accepts and contributes to maintaining the racial status quo. The narrator, Scout, tries to make it seem as though Maycomb, Alabama is a better place than other southern states in the United States. Although, they tolerate racism just as much as any other southern state. Some characters are aware of this, like Atticus Finch and Dolphus Raymond and others are not. Dolphus Raymond even states “Things haven’t caught up to that one’s instinct yet.
Persecution comes from people who are prejudiced” (Lee 329). While this may seem like a useful life lesson, Scout realizes the clear hypocrisy in her lesson. Like every other citizen of Maycomb, she is prejudiced against black people. Even though she is teaching her students that prejudice and persecution is wrong, she is participating in those very activities at home. She heard her third grade teacher after Tom Robinson’s trial, she thought “it’s time somebody taught ‘em a lesson, they were gettin’ way above themselves, an’ the next thing they think they can do is marry us” (Lee 331).
The testimonies reveal how deep-rooted the racism within Maycomb runs, as it is present even in court rulings and how casually present it is. The court is taking place, and the order of prosecutor’s witnesses who are: Mr. Heck Tate, the sheriff; Mr. Bob Ewell, Mayella’s father; and Mayella Ewell, the one who is accusing Tom Robinson of raping her. When it’s Mr. Ewell’s turn to speak, he does so with many racial slurs and slang embedded in his accusations. When relaying what he saw to the jury, he points at Tom and yells “―I seen that black n*gger yonder ruttin’ on my Mayella!” Mr. Ewell, who, although, has never been a part of a court case or viewed one, doesn’t truly care, or notice, that so far into the formal case, not one person has used racial slang to talk about Tom, and uses the term n*gger quite casually.
The story is filled to the brim with examples of discrimination based on class, race, and gender. The Maycomb community is an invidious environment, unpleasant and unfairly discriminating against colored people. Maycomb is a representation of larger societal issues, where xenophobic people, unable to stand up against social norm, lead us to an ineffable dystopian world; where every person of color is atrocious, every woman is weak, and people who are of lower class are objects to be used and
Racism in America Racism can be defined as a major problem in United States history, and can be dated back to the 1400’s. Racism can be viewed and defined in many ways, but most accurately is seen as the state of characterizing an individual based on his race, and or believing that one race is superior to another (Shah) . Racism is as big of a problem in the USA as anyone can think, starting way back to when the country had just began to form, when Europeans started settling into the 13 original colonies (Shah). Ever since then, it seems that the problem has only been on the rise, rather than the opposite. Racism has always been a major issue, although hundreds of years have passed since the birth of racism, the problem just seems to never go away.
Though most of the town Maycomb feels negatively and discriminates the African-Americans, characters like Atticus show us how one person can impact his surroundings if he has high morals. Although he couldn’t change the mindset of the other town residents , he made sure that his own children didn’t discriminate people, purely on the basis of their skin colour. Racism can be seen even in the first few chapters of the book. These racist comments by nonracist children typify the culture in which they were growing up.
Marxist Within the Mockingbird Today the world is open to people of all races, economic classes and much more, but in the 1930’s the world was not as accepting. To Kill A Mockingbird, is a book by Harper Lee which takes place in the 1930’s. Throughout the story there are issues with feminism, racism, and injustice. It starts with a young girl and her family, and as the book progresses the reader gets to find out some of the things that go on in their life and around them. Such as a stressful case which includes, a black innocent man who is accused for something he did not do.