APPLICATION OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR THE OPTIMISATION OF Cr(VI) BIOSORPTION USING GOOSEBERRY SEED J Aravind*, P Kanmani, G Sudha, R Balan Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Chinnavedampatti, Saravanampatty, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu – 641 049 *corresponding author Email ID : dr.j.aravind@gmail.com Telephone : (+91)9443518878 Fax No. :0422-2669406 ABSTRACT The current investigation portrays the role of Gooseberry (Phyllanthusacidus) seed as an effective biosorbent for remediating Chromium (Cr (VI)), a toxic heavy metal pollutant common in effluents from tanneries and its allied industries. Biosorption is affected byfactors like pH, temperature and initial metal concentration. Further there …show more content…
The seeds were washed under running tap water to remove the dirt and other particulates. It was subjected to drying at 40C for 24 h. Then the seeds were finely ground and sieved. The finely powdered biosorbent was subjected to washing. After washing with distilled water, the mixture was filtered and dried at 50C for a period of 1 h. The dried powder was stored in an air tight container to prevent moisture. The dried powder was used as a biosorbent for all the experiment. Preparation of synthetic metal solution Stock solution of 1000mg/l was prepared using Potassium dichromate crystals. pH of the solution was adjusted using 0.5N NaOH or H2SO4. Fresh dilutions of 100mg/l were prepared from the stock solutions for each …show more content…
Different standards containing less than 100mg/L (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100) were prepared and maintained at pH less than 2. To 10ml of standard, 0.2ml of diphenylcarbazide was added as a complexing agent. The solution was incubated until red violet color was developed. The absorbance was measured spectrophotometrically at 540nm. A blank was prepared for Cr (VI) analysis. The amount of chromium present in the sample was determined from calibrated curve according to the standard method (American Public Health Association (APHA) method 3500-
Prelab week 1 Calculations Preparation of 1.5μmol/L mixed low-level standard dilution 150μmol/L × V1=1.5μmol/L × 10ml V1=(1.5μmol/L×10ml)/(150μmol/L)=0.1ml Conversion of milliliters to microliters (0.1ml×1000)μL= 100μL Preparation of 3μmol/L mixed low-level standard dilution 150μmol/L × V1=3μmol/L × 10ml V1=(3μmol/L×10ml)/(150μmol/L)=0.2ml Conversion of milliliters to microliters (0.2ml×1000)μL= 200μL Preparation of 3μmol/L mixed low-level standard dilution 150μmol/L × V1=7.5μmol/L × 10ml V1=(7.5μmol/L×10ml)/(150μmol/L)=0.5ml Conversion of milliliters to microliters (0.5ml×1000)μL= 500μL Preparation of the blank samples The volumetric flask will be filled to the mark with 150μmole/L of stock solution to act as blank (reference). Additional two blanks will
Name: Avishak Deb Roy Partners: Leevell Penn, Varugh, Butler Bio 101 Lab Report #1 02.22.2018 Swimming speed of paramecium tetraurelia in different levels of treatment. Introduction Paramecia is a unicellular Protista which are naturally found in aquatic habitats. It is easily cultured in the laboratory. It is oblong shaped and covered with short hairy structure called cilia. Paramecia does not pose any health or ethical concerns and the population can be maintained if there is a food source such as Enterobacter (Biological Foundation 7).
We are doing a gummy bear lab. Gummy bears come in different sizes, shapes, and colors. Gummy bears are squishy, chewy, and sticky, they are made of sugar which are glucose and glucose are carbohydrate. We predict that during this stage of lab the solute and solvent will go through the stages of hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic. We get 4 gummy bears and 4 cups filled half way with different types of liquid, such as Salt-Water, Coffee-Creamer, Vinegar, and Soda.
The purpose of this experiment was to test how fertilizer impacts the growth of microorganisms of Susan’s Swamp, by measuring the amount of microorganisms found in each sample. I was looking for moving microorganisms because it was difficult to distinguish between the fertilizer and the microorganisms. According to Good and Beatty nitrogen is found in fertilizer and when the nitrogen is added to the aquatic ecosystem it will cause a flourishing of microbial growth, which can result in a “dead zone” (2). I hypothesized that the more fertilizer added to the Susan’s Swamp solutions, the more microorganisms I would find, because of the nutritional properties in fertilizer such as nitrogen.
In this experiment, we observed the relationship between the number of domatia, the number of mites and the size of leaves of water oaks (Quercus nigra L.) and sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua). Domatia are small chambers often located on the lower surface of leaves that serve as homes for predaceous mites. In return, the mites protect the plant from herbivory and pathogen attack. This type of interaction between plants and mites is a form of mutualism, more specifically facultative mutualism. Mutualism is an interaction between individuals of different species in which both species benefit.
Modeling predation Yeling Partner: Tobi Environmental science Mrs. Eckman Oct. 25 2015 Introduction: Objective: Through this lab we will know how do changes in environment factors affect the predation habits of the blue heron. Hypothesis: Environment factors will affect the predation habits of blue heron. Where has more fish, they will go where. Materials: 21*27 cm^2 grid paper 400 uncooked rice grains
The pharmacist shall adjust the dose based on the following table if the Createnine clearance less than 50ml/min. 3. The pharmacist should write the new order in the patient file and do that based on the P&T decision using the same code number of the initial MD. 4.
My results were fairly reliable, and are very accurate. Beans grow best with fences, poles etc. to climb up. They also prefer full sun. Most of the beans did sprout, but the ones that did probably did not get full sun due to their position. Another factor to explain my results, is the water amount.
Afterwards, 0.1ml of ferroin solution (as an indicator) was added. Next, titration was performed. The contents in the conical flask was titrated with 0.1M ammonia cerium (IV) sulphate until a yellow solution was produced. The experiment was then repeated without sample B (only the H2SO4 and water in the proportion 3:7, 6ml acid 14ml
Nanberry by Jackie French outlines the attitudes and perceptions between the two diverse cultures of the indigenous Aborigines and the British during early contact in a manner of historical context. French portrays the initial impressions of the British from the perspective of a young Aboriginal boy; describing the incoming British as mysterious, unknown are creatures. The historical fiction gives insight that the early interactions between the two diverse cultures were approached with caution and curiosity, however no hostility. Nanberry provides insight on early interactions in an emotional and psychological level, of which promotes ideas of the different cultures attitudes and perceptions of each other. Written Primary Source: Vocabulary
The gummy bear's mass and volume will increase while the density of the gummy bear would decrease after it is put into water overnight. (#)This lab experimented to figure out wah changes would take to the gummy bear’s mass, volume, and density after sitting in a cup of water overnight. To do this the gummy bear's dimensions and weight was taken on the first day, along with its density and then the gummy bear was placed and water. When the gummy bear was taken out of the water on day two, the dimensions, weight, and density were taken again, and the difference between the two days was found. (#1)
The purpose of this experiment was to observe the relationship between different solutions and their effect on the mass and length of a gummy bear. Gummy bears with the same relative size and colour were placed in 50 mL beakers with the same amount of their designated liquid. The different solutions studied were water, oil, vinegar, a simple sugar solution, and rubbing alcohol. In the end, based on the observations made, the majority of the hypotheses created were not proven to be correct.
The mixture was transferred into a centrifuge tube with brine solution. Two layers were formed, with a yellow layer on top and the clear bottom layer. The bottom layer is the only organic layer because it is denser. NaHSO3 was used to washed the mixture. The bottom layer was extracted by pipette and rinsed with NaSO4 for drying.
Leaves containing water-soluble elements were boiled and turned from the solid phase into the liquid phase, boiling water. The calcium carbonate was added to form insoluble calcium salts with the tannins and gallic acid so that after vacuum filtration they would be removed. The sodium chloride salt was added after the vacuum filtration in order to raise the polarity of the water, making less amount of molecules soluble in it. This is because the salt takes the part of the space in water and many compounds become insoluble and are pushed out by the salt.
RESEARCH QUESTION Which one has a higher rate or respiration between dicotyledonous (peas) and monocotyledonous (maize) seeds and what is the effect of temperatures (room temperature, 40, 60) on the rate of respiration as determined by oxygen usage estimated with a respirometer? AIM The aim of this experiment is to investigate which seed has a higher rate of respiration and how different temperatures (room temperature, 400C, 600C) affects the rate of respiration of dried, fresh and germinating monocotyledonous (peas) and dicotyledonous (maize) seeds.