Ethically Based Approach To Development Essay

In the 1960s the identification of development with economic growth came under increasing criticism (Szirmai, 2005). The post-cold war period opened a new chapter in the efforts to conceptualise the idea of development in a globalizing world (Turk, 2014). Towards the end of the cold war, the hardships posed by policies of austerity and structural adjustment generated a critique based mainly on the ethical grounds. This ethically based approach include the concept of ‘adjustment with a human face’ proposed by UNICEF, human rights-based concept of the ‘right to development’ and UNDP’s work on ‘human development reports’. AmartyaSen’s concept of capability approach through which he sees development as an expansion of human freedom has become the framework of development since the time UNDP accepted it as a guiding framework in their approach to human development report. These broad framework of ethically based development concept has been prioritised in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which include: “eradication of extreme poverty, achievement of universal primary education, promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women, reduction of child mortality, improvement of maternal health, combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability and developing a global

It is the complex mechanisms, processes and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights and obligations, and mediate their differences”. In its report, Governance for Sustainable Human Development, the UNDP (1997) acknowledges the following as core characteristics of good governance: 1) Participation ,2) Rule of law , 3) Transparency, 4) Responsiveness, 5) Consensus orientation, 6) Equity, 7) Effectiveness and efficiency, 8) Accountability, 9) Strategic