Groundwater Quality In Ghana

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Groundwater is comparatively much clean and free from pollution than surface water. However, without proper monitoring the quality of groundwater is easily compromise by natural processes or by human activities. Some of these activities include agriculture, quarry, improper disposal of industrial and domestic waste, rock water interaction, surface water-groundwater interaction etc. as found in the district. Contamination of groundwater can result in poor drinking water quality, loss of water supply, high clean-up costs, high costs for alternative water supplies, and health problems (Balakrishnan et al., 2011). However, due to the high degree of contamination of surface water and their dry up during dry seasons because

The monitoring of groundwater quality for the villages, towns and districts as whole are not part of groundwater supply program and this district is no exception. Thus, communities, especially those in areas not served by township water supply, drink water from boreholes and wells whose quality are not monitored regularly. Drinking water which quality is not being monitored can pose a great danger to human health since untreated water, which might be contaminated, is known to contribute to about 80% of all diseases in developing countries (WHO, 2008). Most people who dig borehole and hand dug wells do not test the water quality before using for drinking and domestic and irrigation purposes in the

To understand how the geology and anthropogenic activities affect the groundwater quality.

IV. To identify groundwater contaminants if any and their possible sources.

V. To generate Groundwater Quality Index Map for the whole district.

1.4 SCOPE OF WORK

The research comprises of three major sections as shown below.

(i). Pre-Fieldwork: This involve problem definition, literature review on groundwater quality, physical, chemical, Bacteriological parameters of water, WHO standards for drinking water, searching and collection of literature on water quality from libraries and the internet. There was a literature review to document and understand previous studies on groundwater quality assessment.

(ii) Fieldwork: This stage was comprise of collection of groundwater samples and measuring of Temperature, Electrical conductivity, TDS and pH. Selected boreholes were sampled base on literature review.

(iii) Post-Fieldwork: This stage involved measuring of Physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters in the Laboratory. Data processing, results analysis, presentation, and thesis writing.

1.5 HYPOTHESIS

If the population growth rate and agricultural activities increase are not properly manage then they negatively affect groundwater