There are numerous group therapy theories including systems therapy, psychodynamic therapy, field theory, learning theory, and social exchange theory. Systems therapy aims at exploring the roles of each member in relation to effective functioning and it applies in communities, families, or organizations. The theory pinpoints certain patterns of behavior and the response of each member towards anxiety in the dynamic. Consequently, group members work towards healthy and secure relationships so that their welfare and interaction can improve. Systems therapy can help resolve issues by aligning individuals to positive behavioral patterns. As a prominent dynamic of psychotherapy, this theory takes community as essential in its psychological health and rescue since there is active participation in one’s therapy for issue resolution (Higdon, 2012). Communication is a vital tool in this therapy since it …show more content…
In this theory, therapists facilitate self-review of people’s thoughts, emotions, beliefs, and experiences to understand their scope and assess their trends. Identifying trends helps to evade distress or adopt defense mechanisms so that they can adapt or change the patterns. In psychodynamic therapy, the therapeutic relationship is crucial since it shows the way a client associates with acquaintances (Higdon, 2012). Furthermore, the transfer of feelings can reveal how relationship trends affect the person currently, which can be influential in transforming the dynamic. Unconscious thoughts influence behavior, and the moment it processes painful feelings, they are alleviated by the defense mechanisms. According to Higdon (2012), psychological interpretation of emotional and mental processes is informed by ego psychology, object relations, and self-psychology. Psychodynamic therapy acts as a simpler alternative of
Therapist met with the client for individual therapy at school. Therapist did a check in regards to symptoms, mood, thoughts, emotions, coping skills, the goals that he achieved, and behaviors since the last session. Therapist processed the client's negative thoughts. Therapist used open-ended questions to address any concerns the client may have. Therapist encouraged the client to keep motivated during the stressful time, especially when he has negative thoughts, which stats usually with negative thoughts, argue with his sisters, or with his aunt, or if he has been triggered by any internal or external thoughts.
Based on current research, Adlerian theory is being used when working with students across different settings. Some researchers work with small groups and others with the individual itself. According to Carlson, Erguner-Tekinalp, and Hamm (2016), a study was conducted where 32 male teenagers participated in a 12-week group counseling program. The model used for this program was the Adlerian-Based positive group counseling approach. The goal was to increase positive emotions, engagement, and individual strengths.
Chapter seven of the text explores the types of interpersonal coping strategies and how they can be used in therapy to aid in the treatment process. Firstly, this model reveals the role that the client plays in “core conflict” which is the cause of most of the client’s life issues. Consequently, the core conflict come about as a result of the clients coping style due to repetitive interactions with the people in their lives. Moreover, the client learns these coping strategies and use them in their everyday life. Even though the clients think that these coping styles are needed, these coping styles are deemed ineffective in other relationships which cause the arousal of core conflict.
Theories of family therapy assist in identifying problems within the family system as well as influence the assessment process including selecting goals and objectives for treatment plans. Bowen approach to family therapy focuses in the area of decreasing the level of anxiety within the family whereas Minuchin family structural therapy analyses the structure of the family system whereas all problems reside. From the Browen approach to providing services to this family identified the problematic issues as family being reluctant to address the emotional part of their system. The clinician also recognized mother resents the father and daughter alignment because of her exclusion from this relationship.
Even the name of this approach creates a difference between approaches of the past; in the past the people who came to therapy were called patients, but in this approach they are known as clients. This idea created an idea of equal partnership within the therapeutic relationship, rather than an expert treating a patient. Within this approach, it is the job of the client to improve his or her own life, not the job of the therapist. The therapist is there more as a guide to finding one’s true self, rather than the person in the session who is to give all of the answers away. Because of this unique relationship in each situation, there is a lack of techniques to use within the therapeutic session.
He closed out by mentioning while making changes to this text, he was also writing the class novel, The Schopenhauer Cure, which complements this text very well. In the readings of chapter one, sixteen, and seventeen of The Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy by Irvin D. Yalom with Molyn Leszcz, I read about therapeutic factors, encounter group, and the training of group therapies. There were many important concepts in chapter one. Briefly, installation of hope is crucial in any therapy because it’s the foundation for other therapeutic factors to be effective.
Counselors should themselves practice the following and encourage patients to also abide by the following things during therapies. 1) Respect confidentiality: Therapist at all times must keep any identifiable information of the participants confidential and should encourage the patients to do sotto. Unless there is a direct threat to the patient, any parties involved or the patient or the law demands it, information must be kept confidential by the therapist. Ensuing confidentiality from the patient party might be difficult but always encourage patients to share and be confidential. Create an environment of trust and honesty 2) Respect Privacy: Patients’ always decide on what information and experience they want to share and not to share.
Short Course Therapy Standardized short course regimens are an important element of DOTS. TB Programmers using short course therapies have consistently achieved higher cure rates than those relying on longer therapies. Short course therapies are more effective for two reasons: one, they are more efficacious; and two, compliance is higher. Importantly, short course therapies also reduce relapse rates and therefore multi-drug resistance.
Therapists must access their own internal process such as their feelings, attitudes and moods. Therapists’, who are not receptive to the awareness of their flow of thoughts and feelings, will not be able to help clients be aware of theirs (Kahn, 1997, p. 40). Though congruence does not mean that therapists have to share personal issues with clients, a therapist must not conceal their inner process from the client, and not be defensive but transparent (Kahn, 1997, p. 41). By being open sometimes a therapist learns more not only about their client but about themselves
Chapter One: Irvin Yalom & his Existential model of therapy 1.1 Biographical Background Irvin D.Yalom psychiatrist, psychotherapist and bibliotherapist and a major influence in Jewish existentialism, was born in Washington D.C in 1931, the only child of Jewish parents, who left Russia shortly after World War I. His parents were not well educated and worked long hours in their grocery store, to survive financially. Their neighbourhood was poor and unsafe and so Yalom sought solace in books. His relationship was his father was close, “And Sunday mornings were mellow times, etched clearly in my mind. Usually I played chess with my father" (Yalom, 2001, p. 303) but his relationship with his mother was ambivalent, "never, not once, do I remember
A shared appreciation is produced by being around others who communicate a similar vitality of society and its individuals. The debate or discussion is seen in the mentoring and networking opportunities that are afforded by professionals who supervise and guide the new helpers in finding better ways to work with their clients. Subsequently, advocacy is encouraged through awards given by the professional organizations to its hard working members who affect society in a positive way. Advocacy remains the foundation of counseling, and therapists advocate for clients, causes, and the profession.
Psychotherapy has its origins in psychoanalysis, also known as the “talking cure” that was first developed by Sigmund Freud.7 The term psychodynamic refers to the “forces of the mind that are in motion”.8 Freud coined the term psychodynamic when he realised that the mind was an ever-changing system, roiling with constantly moving energised elements. Most of the activities of these mental elements occurred out of the awareness, which Freud described as unconscious. Freud postulated that these unconscious mental activities could affect one’s conscious thoughts, feelings and behaviour.8 Psychodynamic psychotherapy is,
Many theories of group counselling have borrowed ideas and approaches from psychoanalysis. The primary aim of the analytic process is reorganize the client’s personality and character structure. This aim is attained by making unconscious conflicts conscious and analysing them. Wolf (1963, 1975) developed group applications of fundamental psychoanalytic approaches such as working with transference, free association, dreams, and the historical factors of existing behaviour. The group leader relates understanding to the family-like relations that emerge among the members and between the members and the therapist.
Group facilitators values can tell a lot about whether a group program will be successful for certain individuals. However, it is important, group facilitators keep a select amount of key values. Facilitators should always respect the members, acknowledging each member as unique individuals. The group facilitator should value sense of hope. Although a group facilitator does not have to acknowledge the behaviors or thoughts of a member as right or wrong, or moral in any way.
Psychoanalytic group therapy is the model involving groups that meets face to face with therapist and it comes approximately in a group of seven to eight members. Each and everyone in the group have to contribute with their thought. Firstly some might feel a sense of rejection being in a group but those fears will fade away after they observe the rest of the group members. Apart from that, during the session, members will be able to receive valuable feedback from one another rather than depending on the therapist itself (Kleinberg, 2011). Basically, clients in groups will be able to gain insight into their resistances and defenses more dramatically in a group setting than in individual therapy.