Essay On Guajava
CHAPTER –I
INTRODUCTION
Guava (Psidium guajava L.), `The Apple of the Tropics’ and `Poor Man’s Apple’ is one of the most common fruit in India. It is quite hardy, prolific bearer and highly remunerative. It belongs to the family Myrtaceae. Although guava is native to Central America, it is now cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics and due to increasing demand, it is also grown in some subtropical regions. It was introduced in India in the 17th century by Portuguese and is now being commercially cultivated in more than 60 countries of the world including American tropics, Asia, Africa and Pacific Island.
Guava is considered to be one of the nutritionally valuable crops. In India, it is the fifth most important fruit crop in area
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Botanically, guava belongs to the large family Myrtaceae. It’s basic chromosome number is 11. Guava cultivars, viz., Allahabad Safeda, Lucknow-49, Chittidar, Harijha, Hafsi, Apple Colour, Behat Coconut, Arka Mirdula, Arka Amulya, Allahabad Surkha, Saharanpur Seedless, Nagpur Seedless, Hisar Surkha, Hisar Safeda, Lalit, Kohir Safeda and Safed Jam are cultivated in India. Most of cultivars are diploid (2n = 22), but some natural and artificial triploids (2n = 33) and aneuploid exists (Menzel, 1985). Triploids generally produce seedless fruits (Jaiswal and Amin, 1992). Guava is still commonly raised from seeds but seedling trees of most guava cultivars vary in vigour, bearing habit, fruit yield, shape and size, quality, maturity season and storage ability, and differ greatly from the mother plants . However, vegetatively propagated guava plants stand true to …show more content…
It is a chance seedling selection from ‘Allahabad Safeda’ at Ganesh Khind Fruit Research Station, Pune (Cheema and Deshmukh, 1927). L-49 is a heavy bearer, semi-dwarf tree, with 2.3 to 3.4 m height, vigorous, heavy branching with long flat crown. Leaves are large i.e. 12.8 to 13.2 cm long and 6.8 cm broad, elliptic-ovate to oblong in shape. The fruit is roundish-ovate in shape; skin colour is yellow with creamy-white thick flesh having few seeds. The fruits are higher in pectin content, acidic -sweet in taste with excellent keeping
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