Guilty Until Proven Innocent
Today’s justice system claims that, you are innocent until proven guilty, yet they confine the so called guilty person until they can prove their innocents. On Native American reservation tribal courts don't have jurisdiction to prosecute non-tribal personnel for crimes committed like sexual assault and rape that occurs on the reservations. The tribal criminal justice systems have limited resources, little to no back from the local law enforcement and almost no funding from the federal government to help improve on these problems. Louise Erdrich shows this through Bazil, a tribal judge and how the legal system fails his family. As a tribal judge Bazil is still unable to get justice for his wife, due to gaps in
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She then begins to identify her attacker to Joe and his father. Geraldine was attacked by a non-Native by the name of Linden Lark, who lured Geraldine to the round house, because he was fully aware of the tribal law that stated that non-tribal personal can’t be prosecuted on tribal reservations. Linden then attacked her on tribal land knowing that the tribe law couldn’t prosecute him. Based on Geraldine’s testimony in court Linden was arrested, but shortly after he was freed from jail due to the tangled laws that hinder prosecution of Native rape …show more content…
If State and federal laws won’t protect Native reservations form non-tribal personnel committing crimes on tribal land, then Native reservations should be able to have sovereignty over their own jurisdiction. Asserting jurisdiction over non-Natives gives back a sense of sovereignty and the importance of authority over outsiders that current laws sweep under the rug. Claudia Card writes, “ [i]t breaks the spirit, humiliates, tame, produces a docile, deferential, obedient soul. Rape impacts individual women physically, emotionally, and spiritually, and creates numerous problems in the lives of the victims.” A traumatic event such as this needs justice to be served for these Native women to be able to move on with there lives knowing that they got justice for the wrong doing that was done upon them. In the past Native Americans would kill anyone who sexually assaulted their women to show a swift response to their victims and the importance of strong leaders that set out to protect their communities. In today’s society sovereignty needs to be given back to Native Americans to once again be able to protect their people from the failing legal system so they can prosecute non-tribal personnel on their
Hi Solomon, In reading your post and the readings for this lesson, I share with you the frustration in realizing the obstacles that Native Americans have been, and still are, facing regarding the court cases. To understand something is so sacred to them, yet the courts don’t even make the effort to hear them out, is quite heartbreaking. Interesting note about the 2009 example you mentioned where the Supreme Court didn’t even hear the case proposed by the Navajo nation. It’s less than 10 years ago, and yet it seems something that could be from a long long time ago since we’ve evolved as a government society.
Josie Bryn In the begining of the book Joe’s mom is attacked and raped, she was in the hospital for some time but they still hadn’t found her attacker. Unfortunately, without any details from Joe’s mom the case is unable to move forward. She develops PTSD and is unable to leave her bedroom. With the case stalled and Joe’s mother unable to share any details, Joe feels it is up to him to solve the case and get justice for his mother.
Innocent until proven guilty is a phrase the United States justice system says we abide by but in many cases this seems to falter from true. Due to various factors such as tunnel vision, faulty forensics, false confessions, improper identification, missing evidence and the list could go on; all of these reasons can lead to a biased trial and ultimately lead to a wrongful conviction. Julie Rea was a single mom convicted of the murder of her ten year old son Joel Kirkpatrick on October 13th, 1997. This twenty-eight year old mom and her son lived in a rural area in Lawrence, Illinois that was referred to as a quaint little town that very rarely saw any crime so when the news of sweet little Joel Kirkpatrick being murdered got out it sent the
Secondary Source Analysis In order to create his ideal Native American standing within the American Government, which includes the non-indigenous portion of the world acknowledging and understanding Native American issues with the United States and Internationally, Walter R. Echo-Hawk, in his A Context for Understanding Native American Issues, delves into the United State’s past Indian affairs as well as his goals for achieving this ideal. It is important to consider the author’s attitude towards the topic, his desired audience and the devices he used when analyzing the strength of his arguments. Echo-Hawk brings up the point, during the beginning of chapter two, that the general public is unaware of much of the happenings between the United
The United States sent armies into the Native American lands, mistreating the Native Americans, and caused trouble against them by sparkling conflicts and wars. “It is not, of course, to be understood that the government of the United States is at the mercy of Indians; but thousands of its citizens are, even thousands of families. Their exposed situation on the extreme verge of settlement affords a sufficient justification to the government for buying off the hostility of the Savages, excited and exasperated as they are…by the invasion of their hunting grounds and the threatened extinction of their game.” (Document 4) The United States government introduced policies for Native Americans to have a better life, but in fact, they kept them in
Going through a traumatizing event such as rape may alter a victim 's life, including those of their family. To recover from such an incident finding justice can be the best resort. Geraldine the victim in “The Round House” was raped and found covered in blood. Life on the reservation means that Geraldine will never be able to seek justice against her rapist. Her son, Joe, the protagonist in the novel further explains how he feels at the young age of thirteen.
In a 2008 CDC study, 39% of Native women surveyed identified as victims of intimate partner violence in their lifetime, a rate higher than any other race or ethnicity surveyed. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs at least 70% of the violent victimizations experienced by American Indians are committed by persons not of the same race— a substantially higher rate of interracial violence than experienced by white or black victims Federal government studies have consistently shown that American Indian women experience much higher levels of sexual violence than other women in the U.S. Data gathered by the U.S. Department of Justice indicates that Native American and Alaskan Native women are more than 2.5 times more likely to be raped or sexually assaulted than women in the USA in general (5 vs. 2 per 1,000).10 Additionally, 34% or more than one in three Native women will be raped during their lifetime, whereas for women as a whole the risk is less than one in five. 11 A 2004 study that examined intimate partner rape among American Indian women found that one in five respondents (20.9%) reported they had been a victim of at least one incident in their
In 6 “The Round House”, a novel by Louise Erdrich, the author carefully develops the relationship between the protagonist and his father to show how Native American boys are raised to meet a certain standards. Early in the story, the author has 7 Joe her 13-year-old narrator describe the ways that he interacts with his father Bazil. To help his son mature, Joe explains they did “manly things” together such as sports and fishing because 8 he was “afraid all the doting I experienced would 9 soften me” (page 25). Erdrich’s use of the word “manly” demonstrates the father’s desire to engage in what he considered masculine activities. Joe’s list of traditional male-bonding experiences shows the reader how the father-son 10 relationship
Out of the 337 cases where innocent men and women were wrongfully imprisoned nearly half of the true suspects were identified and convicted. The racial heritage of those who have been exonerated is fairly diverse, consisting of “206 African Americans, 104 Caucasians, 25 Latinos, and 2 Asian Americans” (The Innocence Project). (Transition) Although The Innocence Project has changed the lives of many who others would not afford them the opportunity to prove their innocence, they would not have been able to do so without the recent
By law Native Americans are U.S citizens and should be able to leave their reservation but their rights as people are not even considered. According to Stan, Native Americans are currently protesting the building of the oil pipeline and not only drones are sucking information from their devices but Native Americans among others are being locked in cages when they are arrested (2016). These practices violate Native Americans right’s as U.S citizens and once again their rights are being disregarded but their oppression still persists. “The legacy of racism permeates behavior and the behaviors creates classic civil rights violations” (Sanchez). Therefore, Native Americans need to protect their way of life by protecting their civil
In Chapter 4 of Uneven Ground, Wilkins discusses the United States v. Winans case which regarded tribal rights. It held that the Yakamas tribe had “reserved rights” to hunt and fish because the Winans brothers had been depleting the salmon in the river. Wilkins also writes how the tribes implemented their rights based on their original and indigenous sovereignty. Chief Justice Fuller recognized this and confirmed the tribe’s rights to hunt and fish because of tribal sovereignty (125). In a similar case, Winters v. United States (1908), a man had built a dam that restricted all water flow down the Milk River.
Glady’s Heavenfire Case Battered Woman Syndrome has provided women who have been abused at the hands of their partners recognition in the criminal justice system and is allowing women to tell their stories. Although there are controversies surrounding battered woman syndrome, it should not be viewed as an excuse for killing their partners. It is a real disorder that has affected thousands of women 's lives all over the world. Discussing the Gladys Heavenfire case will bring awareness to the life of a woman who has been abused by her partner for several years. Furthermore, it provides information on Indigenous women who are more likely to suffer abuse than white women.
The final concern in which needs to be addressed is the fact that these negative stereotypes of Native Americans make it very dangerous for them because of the rise of crime rates against the Natives. The rates for crimes against the Natives has increased and puts many of them in danger. These crimes are classified as hate crimes because of the fact that these crimes are done in hatred of them as a people and not a personal cause. According to Department of Justice analysis, "American Indians are more likely than people of other races to experience violence at the hands of someone of a different race." These factors only show that we need to take serious actions soon in order to prevent this violence to continue before its too
In Life Among the Piutes, sarah winnemucca hopkins describes what happens when soldiers came to their reservation based off what white settlers tell the government. The most shocking instance of this happened when Winnemucca encountered a group of soldier who told her the white settlers accused the natives of stealing cattle, “the soldiers rode up to their [meaning the Piute’s] encampment and fired into it, and killed almost all the people that were there… after the soldiers had killed but all bur some little children and babies… the soldiers took them too… and set the camp on fire and threw them into the flames to see them burned alive”(78). This is an abhorrent act that is unthinkable in a functioning society. The natives had done nothing but want to hold some shred of land from the settlers who had taken everything from them and are exterminated like vermin. This was something that stayed hidden from many white settlers because of its barbarism and by exposing it Winnemucca truly educates the reader, past and present, on how natives are
Throughout the 19th century Native Americans were treated far less than respectful by the United States’ government. This was the time when the United States wanted to expand and grow rapidly as a land, and to achieve this goal, the Native Americans were “pushed” westward. It was a memorable and tricky time in the Natives’ history, and the US government made many treatments with the Native Americans, making big changes on the Indian nation. Native Americans wanted to live peacefully with the white men, but the result of treatments and agreements was not quite peaceful. This precedent of mistreatment of minorities began with Andrew Jackson’s indian removal policies to the tribes of Oklahoma (specifically the Cherokee indians) in 1829 because of the lack of respect given to the indians during the removal laws.