Twenty tablets were weighed accurately and powdered. An amount of the powder equivalent to 5 mg of amoxicillin trihydrate (content of one tablet) was dissolved in 60 ml of diluent. The solution was stirred for 10 min using a magnetic stirrer and filtered into a 100 ml volumetric flask through 0.45µ nylon membrane filter. The residue was washed 3 times with 10 ml of diluent and then the volume was completed to 100 ml with the same solvent. This solution was diluted with diluents to gae a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml solution each of Amoxicillin trihydrate. The HPLC method was applied to the solutions and the results obtained were shown in table 4.6.11.
System suitability solution: 25.0 µg/mL each of of USP Amoxicillin RS in Diluent.
Precision
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Acceptable criteria: % Assay should not vary by ±1%.
7.4.7. Specificity
A solution of mixture of Amoxicillin trihydrate and its impurities was prepared by spiking of all three targetted impurities at a level of 0.01%.
Acceptable criteria: Resolution of NLT 1.5 from primary peak
7. SYSTEM SUITABILITY
THEORETICAL PLATES:
A standard solution of 25 µg mL-1of Amoxicillin trihydrate (in triplicate) was prepared and same was injected, then the system suitability parameters were calculated.
Theoretical plates per meter Theoretical plates per meter were calculated from the data obtained from the peak using the following expression n = (5.54Vr2)/LWh2
Theoretical plates per column Theoretical plates column were calculated from the data obtained from the peak. n = (5.54Vr2)/Wh2
Where, ‘n’ is number of theoretical plates per meter, ‘Vr’ is the distance along the base line between the point of injection and a perpendicular dropped from the maximum of the peak of interest and ‘Wh’ is the width of the peak of interest at half peak
The goal of this experiment is to find out what is the identity of the unknown hydrate? To answer this question first, we should know what a hydrate, and how to identify a hydrate using the law of constant proportions. A hydrate is a pure substance because it contains water molecules embedded in its crystal structure that does not vary. By heating the unknown hydrate, we can calculate the mass of the hydrated, and the percentage of water in the hydrate.
In this lab, the oxidation of a secondary alcohol was performed and analyzed. An environmentally friendly reagent, sodium hypochlorite, was used to oxidize the alcohol, and an IR spectrum was obtained in order to identify the starting compound and final product. The starting compound could have been one of four alcohols, cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, 3-heptanol, or 2-heptanol. Since these were the only four initial compounds, the ketone obtained at the end of the experiment could only be one of four products, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, 3-heptanone, or 2-heptanone. In order to retrieve one of these ketones, first 1.75g of unknown D was obtained.
The purpose of this experiment is to create a complete genomic library of Aliivibrio fisheri through the use of the lux operon. The examination of the lux operon gene occurs through the extraction of the DNA of Aliivibrio fischeri and digest a large piece of DNA to smaller random pieces. The fragment of DNA will later be ligated together in plasmid. Plasmid acts as vectors to transport DNA from one organism to another. The DNA will then run through a UV-visible spectrophotometer to test the absorbance of the extracted DNA.
The difference in this chemical and physical properties will aid in their separation. Processes like solubility, gravitational filtration and recrystallization will be used to separate the substances present in Panacetin. The melting and boiling point of the substances will help in concluding on which of these compounds will be presented at the end of experiment. Procedure and observation The Panacetin content was weighed approximately 3.0493g and transferred to the Erlenmeyer flask; 75ml of dichloromethane (CH¬2CL2) was added to the content. The dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) dissolved the sucrose, leaving the active unknown agent and aspirin behind.
Unknown Lab Report Unknown # 25 By: Jenna Riordan March 19, 2018 Bio 2843 1. Introduction Microbiology is the study of microorganisms found in all different environments throughout Earth, from the hot thermal vents at the bottom of the ocean to the ice at the top of a mountain.
The goal of the experiment is to synthesize a bromohexane compound from 1-hexene and HBr(aq) under reflux conditions and use the silver nitrate and sodium iodide tests to determine if the product is a primary or secondary hydrocarbon. The heterogeneous reaction mixture contains 1-hexene, 48% HBr(aq), and tetrabutylammonium bromide and was heated to under reflux conditions. Heating under reflux means that the reaction mixture is heated at its boiling point so that the reaction can proceed at a faster rate. The attached reflux condenser allows volatile substances to return to the reaction flask so that no material is lost. Since alkenes are immiscible with concentrated HBr, tetrabutylammonium bromide is used as a phase-transfer catalyst.
Student Name¬¬_________________ Newton’s Third Law Use what you learned from the Force Plates investigation, and from the reading, to answer the following questions. 1. Before you started the Force Plates investigation, two strings were attached to a spring scale. Recall that a mass of 250 grams pulled on each side of the spring scale.
The Kirby-Bauer test is standardized in order to allow others to be able to reproduce the test since there are many factors that could affect the zone of inhibition. One of the standardizations is the medium used for the test, a Mueller-Hinton agar, which is different from the general mediums used in laboratories. The Mueller-Hinton agar plate is larger in size than standard agar plates so that multiple types of antibiotics are able to fit without interfering with each other (Slonczewski & Foster, 2015). The medium is thicker in depth (5 mm) and contains loose agar, which allows the antibiotics to diffuse out of the disk and into the media because if this test was conducted on a thinly poured agar plate, then the zone of inhibition would appear larger than it really is (Slonczewski & Foster, 2015). Another important factor about the Mueller-Hinton agar is that it doesn’t contain para-aminobenzoic (PABA) acid, which is usually present in most mediums.
Tn 4351 was originally isolated from bacteroides fragilis [30] . The transposon was successfully introduced into Cytophaga succinicans, Flavobacterium meningosepticum, Flexibacter canadiansis, Flexibacter strain SFI and Sporocytophaga myxococcoides by conjugation [25]. Tn 4351carries two antibiotic resistance gene. One of the codes for resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin which is expressed in bactroides but not in E.Coli. The other gene codes for resistance in tetracycline and is expressed in aerobically grpwn E. coli, but not in anaerobically grpwn E. coli or in bacteroides.
The investigation was carried out to identify the presence or absence of biological molecules in serum 2216. If the concentration in each test tube of the dilutions carried out will be more concentrated then the concentration of the test tube before it, then the color will be at an equal concentration with the other dilutions performed. The hypothesis was wrong because of the difference in concentrations due to the different measurements within the dilutions done. The test for starch was to add a drop of iodine solution to the pipette in the spotting tile. A reducing sugar solutions is add inside a test tube with 3 drops to then add 3 drops of benedicts and plane in a water bath.
Determination of methotrexate and its metabolites: 1. Determination methods developed till 2000: In this era the methotrexate was being used only as anti tumor agent to treat acute leukaemia, osteosarcoma, psoriasis, sarcoidosis and wegener’s granulomatosis. Due to its toxic side effects such as skin rash, myelo suppression, renal damage and mucosal ulceration the biological fluid level of methotrexate came into existence.
The limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) were determined based on the slope and the standard deviation of the response using the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) as per ICH Guidelines Q2(R1) 2005. The LODs for Lamivudine, Abacavir and Dolutegravir were found to be 0.021, 0.330 and 0.038µg/mL respectively, and the LOQs for Lamivudine, Abacavir and Dolutegravir were 0.056, 1.320 and 0.095 µg/mL respectively. (table 6 ) Robustness Robustness of the method was performed by making slight deliberate changes in the analytical methodology like flow rate and solvent ratio. It was observed that this method did not significantly affect in system suitability parameters like USP tailing factor, theoretical plates and resolution, which confirmed that the developed HPLC method is
Activities Robert Morris University Mohammed Alsalem Professor SANDIP KUMAR ENGR1610-B 04/03/2015 Activity 1: 1-How do you get the value Area:29.3, Depth:24.00, WebThickness:.745, Width:7.245, Thickness:.870, All Elastic properties. Calculate all these values and show the process. Given Data: Depth h: 24 in Width w: 7.245 in Web Thickness: 0.745 in Sectional Area: 29.3 in^2 Weight: 100 lb/ft From the book (Elastic properties): Axis x-x: I 2390 in^4 S
1. Introduction Due to the extensive use of pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs), a wide range and different of PhAC residues occurs in the aquatic environment. Their fate is potentially a major issue that is yet to be understood [1].Extensive use of antibiotics for disease prevention, treatment of microbial infections and promotion of animal and plant growth have led to the frequent detection of different antibiotics and their by products in the environment [2,3]. The antibiotics distribution in the environment can increase the resistance of bacteria and subsequently compromise public health by preventing treatment of infections caused with these bacteria [4]; and this is one of the major challenges for human and veterinary medicine.
[3] This pattern is also linked to Equations 1&2 as stated previously. The position of every fourth fringe was recorded giving the value which is required in Equation 3 below. (See Table1 for the recorded data) Knowing the wavelength of sodium to be 589nm the angle, ,at the apex between the two glass plates can be calculated using Equation 3 as