Hand Washing Effectiveness Lab Report

This episode was about a man named Joshua who was very successful and pretty much had life figured out. He had a six-figure salary managing 14 different convenience stores. He also had a beautiful home, wife, and kids by the age of 21. But Joshua was overweight and at age 27 he decided to have gastric bypass surgery to help him with his weight loss. After the surgery, he wasn 't losing weight as quick as he wanted and he had back issues which prevented him from exercising. He was prescribed pain pills and started to abuse them, leading to extraordinary addiction to hand sanitizer. His addiction to hand sanitizer has severely impacted his life and caused him to start drinking as well.

The first test conducted was a Simple stain. This allowed me to be able to differentiate whether I had a Cocci or Rod shaped bacteria under the microscope. It also allowed me to know which test I showed go to next. The second procedure conducted was the Catalase test. This test was to check for the presence of the catalyst catalase which liberates molecular oxygen. This catalyst is necessary for an aerobic organism to survive in aerobic conditions. After the experiment it was observed that my Gram positive organism did in fact bubble and utilize catalase. The third test conducted was on the MSA agar. This test was conducted for the purpose of selective and differential whether or not my organism can tolerate high salt concentrations. It is based on the mannitol fermentation. The phenol-red indicator helps to identify the bacteria. Upon viewing my results it was determined that my colonies did not ferment mannitol. This was easily observed because they remained translucent. The incubation times for all of the inoculated tests were for 48 hours (due to lab schedule, supposed to be 24 hours) and the temperature they were incubated at was at 37C. 37C is the optimal temperature to maintain the state of the agar as well as the ideal temperature for continued microbial growth to occur. My fourth and final test conducted to help identify my bacteria was an Oxidase test. This test

In this experiment I was testing for antimicrobial sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermidis by using the Kirby-Bauer Diffusion test. The three antibiotics utilized in this lab were: gentamicin, novobiocin, and penicillin. I determined the effectiveness of the antibiotic by observing and measuring the zone of inhibition for each antibiotic. I used the measurements and compared them again with the Antibiotic Susceptibility zone chart. I was able to determine whether the

Medications should be prepared for immediate administration to a single patient and not retained for later use due to the risks of contamination, potential instability, potential mix-up with other medications and to maintain security of the medication

The primary prevention is the best way to eliminate the potential for exposure. Since hand washing is the most effective mean of spread of infection, it would be my primary goal to increase the compliance of hand hygiene among healthcare workers, but also an extensive education of patients and family members on hand washing before and after touching the patient as well as afar any contact with any potentially contaminated materials (surface, body fluids or respiratory secretions). Mandatory education of patients, visitors and healthcare workers, across the system as well as cross department compliance practices are single best mean of preventing the spread of infection. For example, every patient and family member can be educated about hand hygiene, use of PPE-personal protective equipment (face mask, gowns and gloves). Although, the practices are already being utilized, I believe the compliance is poorly monitored.

Colonist are going to live in a new place that they have never lived before, will they survive? It is the year of 1607, 100 or more passengers were on a ship and they were sailing to Chesapeake Bay.Many colonists are dying and they don’t know the reason why. Many colonists died because of the water, they didn’t have any skills, and because of their relationships.

This test was done by making a single line streak inoculation on a tributyrin agar plate and allowing incubation. After the incubation period, the plate was observed for the presence or absence of a halo around the bacteria.

The NHS way of thoroughly washing hands is by using soap & hot water. Staff are expected to wash hands on every contact with a patient & also frequently throughout the day. To wash my hands I would put the soap on one hand & then interlink my fingers & rub my palms until the soap covers both palms, back of hands & every finger.

Differential media allows for the differentiation between two similar micro-organisms through how the bacteria may handle certain compounds found in the media or the different reactions that may take place when the bacteria is exposed to the medium (3). Selective media on the other hand allow only certain microbes to grow. This is due to the plate containing a limited amount of nutrients, compounds and chemicals that will deter the growth of certain bacteria (3). Dyes, antimicrobial substances, salts, certain growth inhibitors and, antibiotics are also found on this type of medium (3). The differential and selective media mentioned in this lab are as follows: Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) plate, MacConkey agar (MC) plate, Eosin Methylene Blue agar (EMB), and Hektoen Enteric Agar (HEA) (3). The MacConkey agar plate and the Mannitol Salt agar plate are both used in the identification of the unknown. The MC plate is a selective and differential medium. It is considered a selective medium because the bile salts and crystal violet aspect of the medium prevent the growth of gram positive bacteria (3). This medium is differential because of the lactose and neutral red. Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, it remains colorless when the pH is above 6.8 and becomes red when the pH falls lower than 6.8 (3). The gram-negative coliform type bacteria would turn this medium red, while bacteria that do not ferment lactose will not incur a color change. The MSA plate is also considered a selective and differential medium. MacConkey is commonly used to differentiate between different species in the Enterobacteriaceae family. MSA is considered selective because it contains 7.5% NaCl and only bacteria that can survive the high osmotic pressure due to the sodium chloride will be able to grow on this plate. This medium is considered differential because of mannitol and phenol red. Mannitol is a sugar alcohol

NA plate: The NA plate had growth of both organism even though it was difficult to differentiate between the colonies on this

INTRODUCTION: Quick look at your hands do you see them. (attention) Do I see what you might be asking? Well the millions of bacteria that are currently hanging out on your hands. (credibility) I am here today to focus in on how you can protect yourself from these invisible killers. Probably the single most repeated thing in my nursing classes has been hand washing. (rapport) You might be thinking well I am not a nursing student so this does not apply to me, but I hope to prove to you the importance of washing your hands several times a day. The problem I want to focus on is that many people don’t wash their hands, people need to wash their hands, and you should wash your hands many times a day. (preview)

Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) is one of the most important agents in the prevention of hospital acquired infections or what we termed nosocomial infections. IPC channels every member of the hospital, which includes, healthcare providers (HCP), patients and the hospitals perse. It is important to practice IPC commandment to every hospital as well as community. The Palestinian Ministry of Health (MOH) adopted the national IPC protocol. Employees working in pediatrics hospital are supposed to take precautions to protect their patients and staff from exposure to potentially infectious materials. A fundamental component of standard infection prevention measures are a system of barrier precautions to be used by all personnel

After you have prepared the dilutions, clean the outsides of the cuvettes with a paper towel.

Healthy physical development usually progresses through crawling, walking and climbing skills that are essen-tial for children to develop mobility, coordination and balance. Ill health can delay these skills, impacting on children's ability to explore the world around them, wing affecting their cognitive and language development and their levels and rate of achievement. Recognising health or developmental delay is critical. It ensures that, if necessary, specialist intervention is put into place early, reducing the impact on children's overall develop-ment Children who are unhealthy may be less likely to follow normal patterns of emotional development, which includes the development of self-esteem and self actualisation Poor health can affect the building of relation-ships between parent ing and child, and how the child feels about themselves Children who are ill are likely to be more reliant on parents and others, resulting in a lack of confidence and independence.

Larson & Bobo (1992) state that while ethanol and isopropanol may reduce viable bacterial counts on hands, this does not obviate the need for hand washing with water and soap whenever hands are dirty or visibly contaminated with proteinaceous materials, e.g blood (Larson, 1988). Several studies recommend, the use of gloves and routine hand washing with soap and water after care of CDI patients rather than alcohol based hand rub for mechanical removal of spores from hands (Siegel et al, 2007) (Haut, 2008) (Vonberg et al. 2008).