In 1964, the United States government introduced the term “hate crime” within the 1964 Federal Civil Rights Law. A hate crime, as defined by the United States Department of Justice, is a crime motivated by prejudice or bias against color, religion, race, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity, national origin, or disability (U.S. Department of Justice, 2022). It is important to note the history of hate crimes spans back thousands of years across the globe, and the 1960s was when laws in America were passed to punish those who commit these crimes and to prevent these crimes from reoccurring (Cheng, 2013). There has been more awareness drawn to stopping these hate crimes that plague the United States, but even with the laws that protect …show more content…
There are a few of the different types of hate crimes which include anti-race hate crimes, anti-religion hate crimes, and anti-sexual orientation hate crimes. An anti-race hate crime usually involves an offender or group targeting someone or another group based on their race prejudice. When a person identifies as a member of a hate group, they are known to show more favoritism towards others members of their ingroup (Cheng, 2013). One of the most famous examples of anti-race hate crime is the large white-supremacist terrorist group known as the Ku Klux Klan, or KKK, which had severe hate and racism towards the Black Americans (Ku Klux Klan, n.d.). This hate group consisted of white supremacists who did not support the recently freed African Americans so the KKK would use intimidation, violence, and murder to target the newly freed African Americans. This group had the main goal to maintain white supremacy in the Southern government and even in their communities, so they would physically and verbally attack any Black Americans and even those who were married to White …show more content…
These victims are everyday people of a certain race like how the Ku Klux Klan targeted the Black Americans because white supremacists did not like how these people were now free from slavery. Since these people, in the KKK’s perspective, were not seen as equal they were then targeted and harmed. These victims were abused and even killed for how they looked, their beliefs in a religion, and their sexual orientation preference. The victim can be society as whole or a small community because of how damaging these hate acts are since these criminal acts are so violent. The violent act of murder can be very harmful to a small community, or the destruction of a religious property can hurt a community as
The KKK terrorized African Americans, as described in Document 1. The KKK physically attacked blacks, burned their churches and schools and also tried to prevent them from exercising their right to vote. The KKK and other white power groups tried to prevent blacks from being able to protest and whites from helping them through intimidation and fear. The KKK was
The Ku Klux Klan, with its long history of violence, is the most infamous and oldest of American hate groups. Although black Americans have typically been the Klan's primary target, it also has attacked Jews, immigrants, gays and lesbians and, until recently, Catholics. The Ku Klux Klan, they believed, they were protecting in Traditional American values. They treated blacks by Lynched, raped and beat blacks for petty crimes. The Klan was not only anti-black but also took a stand against Roman Catholics, Jews, foreigners and organized labor.
To begin, the Klu Klux Klan is an organization whose purpose is to terrorize people of color. Dressed in all white, their identities are hidden as they attack in the dead of night. The KKK is founded by a group of confederate veterans in 1865, and their goal was to end Reconstruction. The Klan only recruited members who were male, white, and not Jew. Former Confederate Nathaniel Bedford Forrest tried to stop the organization for, “...the Klan’s violent tactics grew too extreme” (Source 1).
In the South, there was a group called the Ku Klux Klan, or the KKK. They would run rampant killing whoever they pleased, and no one would stop them. The KKK would kill political figures who supported Reconstruction or freedman. In a testimony to the Senate, Abram Colby states, “On the 29th of October 1869, [the Klansmen] broke my door open , took me out of my bed, took me to the woods and whipped me three hours or more and left me for dead” (Colby 513). The KKK targeted African Americans and tortured them to death.
Sakia Gunn was a fifteen-year-old black teen who was violently targeted for a murdering due to her identifying as a lesbian. Leah Lakshmi realized the magnitude of this hate crime and used it as a platform to bring awareness to the situation. There has been and currently exists a structural problem that consistently harms people of color. Historically hate crimes were blatant, showing up as lynchings and other publicly violent portrayals. However, recently hate crimes have become more invisible.
The KKK was a group of white southerners who did not want the policies establishing political and economic equality for blacks to be successful. The KKK engaged in underground campaigns of intimidation and violence directed at Republican leaders, both white and black. One of the most notorious areas of the Klan was South Carolina. In January 1871, five hundred masked men attacked a Union county jail and lynched eight black prisoners. Acts like these would go “unnoticed” by officials and other influential citizens in the area because of the fear of how the Klan would retaliate and also by the lack of care for what the Klan was doing.
According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, in 1998 there were over 7,755 hate crime incidents reported in America, which stemmed from people’s biased views towards people of different races (46.9%), sexual orientations (20.8%), religions (19.8%), ethnicity and (11.6%), and people with disabilities (0.9%). All 7,755 of the crimes were more than just violence; they were violence driven by hatred. They were hate crimes. The FBI defines a hate crime as a “a traditional offense like murder, arson, or vandalism with an added element of bias.” This is certainly the case of the murder of Matthew Shepard in Laramie Wyoming.
Most white supremacy groups were only local town lynching mobs, but another national white supremacy group that was most feared was the “Klu-Kux-Klan” or also know as the “KKK”. According to the Salem Press (2011) Gorrell explained this white supremacy group was formed in 1866 and was a “group of white supremacists, disaffected by the outcome of the Civil War, grew into an organization of institutionalized race hatred.” (pg.3) After the KKK was formed every African American living in the south knew who the klan was and new to stay out of their
Groups like these intimidated many people, black and white. Many of the groups did not only attack African-Americans when they wanted but also white people. It was all based on the groups wanting to overthrow the Republican party. It got so bad that it ended up making President Ulysses Grant, while in his presidency, leading to end of the Freedmen's Bureau, making it collapse. This was caused by having to prioritize other things that were affecting the United States at that time, but political choices can change people's views and this makes politics fall into a bad light.
-Hate crimes, are not justifiable the reason why is because they’re, ‘bias.’ The definition of a ‘Hate Crime’ on page 604 is defined as “a bias related crime, committed against an individual that is motivated by bias regarding race, color, religion, disability, and sexual orientation.” Committing a crime just because of the color, sexuality, religion, or disability of a person isn’t justifiable. The reason why it’s not justifiable is because, the person committing the hate crime wouldn’t want someone else, to commit such an act towards themself.
Gender, age, and race still play a very prevalent role in our society. Many individuals continue to think the ideas of white supremacists play no role in the United States, but individuals such as Dylann Roof, prove them wrong. Innocent people lose their life for having the right to believe what they want to, and overall pay the ultimate price. At the rate in which Americans experience hate crimes, citizens may soon enter war with themselves.
Even though people might be led to believe that racism is an ever-decreasing issue in the globalised and multicultural world of today, recent debates and elections concerning transnational initiatives and issues such as the EU have provided basis to believe otherwise. The United Kingdom, in particular, has over the last few months faced significant backlash and challenges as a response to the first ever successful vote to leave the European Union. As a result of the Brexit referendum, the UK has experienced a rapid increase in recorded anti-immigrant hate crimes. Regarded as an example of this is the case of Arek Jóźwik, who was beaten to death in an unprovoked attack near Harlow, launching investigations into the suspected teenage perpetrators
According to Gerstenfeld, hate crimes “may or may not include sexual orientation, gender, national origin, physical or mental disability, age, or political affiliation.” Some argue that every group should be protected by hate crime legislation, but this runs the risk of watering down the significance of such protections. The groups that are most frequently targeted by hate crimes including African Americans, gays and lesbians, Jews, and Muslims should be prioritized over other groups. Historically, the most targeted groups in the United States are African Americans, LGBT community, Jews, and Muslims. These groups are undoubtedly in the most need for protections provided by hate crime laws.
Hate Crime is a “criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender's bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity.” If an African American commits the same crime as an Caucasian it is more likely for the black person to be charged and arrested due to the racial issues we have today. There are many pros and cons towards the issue of racial crime, but hate crime is still a very difficult issue for our country to overcome. In order to overcome the issue of hate crime it would require changing legislation, public and police attitudes.
The definition of a hate crime is referred to as a “a crime, usually violent, motivated by prejudice or intolerance toward an individual’s national origin, ethnicity, color, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, or disability”. "Hate Crime. Hate crime has existed all through history and are most likely going to exist for a while. When some people wakes up in the morning and began to start their day they don 't even think “ Will I be the victim of a hate crime today” or “Is someone going to attack me today for who I love”. Statistic that from from the the National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs or (NCAVP), say that their data suggests that 20-25% of lesbian and gay people experience hate crimes within their lifetimes this