Head And Neck Cancer Outline
I.
Type of cancer and Its Effect on Cell Growth: Head and neck cancer includes cancers of the mouth, nose, sinuses, salivary glands, throat, and lymph nodes in the neck. Most begin in the moist tissues that line the mouth, nose and throat. II
Possible causes and prevention: Tobacco products play a significant role in about 80 per cent of cases. Researches indicate Eighty-five percent (85%) of head and neck cancers are linked to tobacco use. Another major risk factor is the frequent and heavy alcohol consumption raising more risk of developing cancer in the mouth, pharynx, larynx, and oesophagus. Last factor is linked to Family history of cancer (a genetic predisposition). The most important thing a person can do to reduce the risk of head and neck cancer is to stop the use of all tobacco products and to avoid alcohol consumptions. Maintaining proper care of dentures and oral hygiene can also help reduce the risk. III
Diagnosis & Symptoms:
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Doctors also inspect the nose, mouth, throat, and tongue for abnormalities. Blood and urine tests may be performed to help diagnose cancer. Further testing will include testing for HPV infection, endoscopy to examine inside the head and neck, biopsy to remove a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope, molecular testing of the tumour to identify specific genes, proteins, and other factors unique to the tumour, X-ray/barium swallow create a picture of the structures inside of the body, using a small amount of radiation, ultrasound waves to create a picture of internal organs, CAT Scan to create a three-dimensional picture of the inside of the body with an x-ray machine, MRI to produce detailed images of the body, bone scan to look at the inside of the bones, and PET scan to create pictures of organs and tissues inside the
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