Head and Neck Case Study Allison Quelch
1. What is the name of the foramen at the lower end of the canal, through which the nerve emerges from the skull?
The name of the foramen at the lower end of the canal, through which the nerve emerges from the skull is the Stylomastoid foramen.
a. Is this also the site of entrance of an artery that supplies the facial nerve within the canal?
Yes, the stylomastoid artery enter the stylomastoid foramen and supplies the external acoustic meatus, mastoid cells, semicircular canals, stapedius muscle, and vestibule. b. Of what artery is it most commonly a branch?
The stylomastoid artery is a branch of the posterior auricular artery.
2. How do you explain the disappearance of wrinkles of the
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The inability to purse the lips and show the teeth of the affected side is due to paralysis of which muscle?
The inability to purse the lips and show the teeth of the affected side is due to paralysis of the orbicularis oris facial muscle, which is innervated by the facial nerve (N VII).
b. The absence of the mimic expression of smile and laughter is the result of the dysfunction of numerous facial muscles; name four.
The absence of the mimic expression of smile and laughter is a result of the dysfunction of the facial muscles levator anguli oris, depressor anguli oris, zygomaticus major and zygomaticus minor. First, the levator anguli oris raises the corners of the mouth. Then, the depressor anguli oris depresses and draws the corner of the mouth laterally. Next, the zygomaticus major elevates the corners of the mouth up and draw them in laterally. Last, the zygomaticus minor elevates the upper lip.
c. Each of these muscle have which three characteristics in common?
These muscles all contribute to the movement of the mouth, are innervated with the facial nerve (N VII), and insert around the mouth.
5. Would their paralysis give any clue as to the site of attack of the noxious
Pathophysiology The present of a patent foramen ovale is required to permit blood flow across the septum into the left atrium, the patent duct arteriosus allows blood to flow to the pulmonary artery into the lungs. VSD allows a modest amount of blood to enter the right ventricle &pulmonary artery. Thus pulmonary blood flow is diminished.
Next, they traced the external jugular vein and its tributary veins on the surface of the right side of the neck and head. On the left side where the sternomastoid was cut, the students then located the deeper vessels running alongside the trachea, internal jugular vein, and the common carotid artery. In the abdominal cavity, the groups then exposed and studied the hepatic portal vein and its tributaries. They then identified the tributaries of the post cava, the renal, adrenolumbar, iliolumbar, iliac, and caudal vessels. The arteries of the gonads then came off the abdominal aorta cranial where the spermatic arteries were found.
This is the artery that transfers blood to the lungs. The last major artery in the duck, is the Femoral which transfers blood to the legs and thighs which are used as transportation for
Parry-Romberg Syndrome Parry-Romberg syndrome is an uncommon disease that slows the progressive deterioration of the skin and soft tissues in half of the face. This disease usually affects the left side of the face. The disease is more common to happen to females than males. Some signs that you have this disease are facial changes by the upper jaw, between the nose and upper corner of the lip, change in the angle of the mouth, eyes, brow, ear, and neck. This can also affect the tongue, roof of the mouth, and the gums.
Avoid it by elongating your neck by moving your head forward slightly and lift up your chin. You could also try touching your tongue to the roof of your mouth right behind your front teeth. Just be sure not to tense up too much. 5) Do not underestimate the beauty of laughing Fake smiles are not flattering, but the same cannot be said for fake laughs.
Tourette’s syndrome, discovered by French physician George Grilled de la Tourette in 1885, is an incurable neuropsychiatric disorder that onsets in childhood and is characterized by “the presence of multiple motor tics and one or more vocal tics, not necessarily concurrently, that last longer than one year.” (Cavanna and Shah, 2010) There are two types of tics; motor and phonic (vocal), which may be simple or complex. “Simple motor tics involve isolated muscles, producing movements such as blinking or sniffing. Complex motor tics involve contractions in different muscle groups and coordinated movements that resemble normal motor gestures.”
Upon reviewing the given case study following factors identified, that the condition status: progressive Risk factor: age 23 yr. (young age), woman Observation: ptosis, sneering while smiling Reflexes: within normal limits Sensation: Within normal limits Weakness of the bilateral arm increased after exercise Symptoms: Intermittent facial muscular weakness, diplopia in late evening, dysphagia, and bilateral weakness increased after strenuous activity On behalf of the available information most probably condition could be a Nero, muscular disorder, Myasthenia Gravis .Condition could be confirmed by diagnostic test such as Tension Test, electromyography and presence of
In this day and age, there’s simply no need to be embarrassed about your smile. With our cosmetic dentistry procedures, we can give you a smile that not only takes years off your appearance but also becomes the envy of everyone. Call us today at 530-413-7002 to make your next appointment for cosmetic dentistry, or fill out our online form and we will get in touch with you shortly. (I’m Having A Hard Time Chewing)
Emotion’s Alchemy by Genevieve Wanucha Literary Response Genevieve Wanucha introduces her article Emotions Alchemy by painting a mind blowing image of the process in which we begin to laugh. Wanucha dove right in describing the physical motions of laughter starting with the movement of our cheek bones and the way our eyes begin to squint as the corners of our mouth moves back and upwards; this vivid imagery immediately grabbed my attention and persuaded me to read on. “Laughing and crying, being live demonstrations of emotion and its social expression, provide new entryways into the tangled pathways of the brain.” I believe this quote to be Wanuchas’ thesis; she provides excellent examples of psychological studies to support this statement.
For over 35 years, Operation Smile has worked to provide safe surgeries in all parts of the world and educate hundreds of thousands of people worldwide. They partner with trained doctors, governments, hospitals and other organizations to give patients the quickest and most efficient surgeries. They have even visited over 60 countries, seeking support and volunteers from everywhere they encounter. Their work as an organization has impacted and is still impacting families all around the world. Operation Smile mainly focuses on correcting cleft lips, cleft palettes, and other facial deformities.
Vertebral artery a. The vertebral artery is one of two key arteries located along the back of the neck that carry blood from the heart to the brain, spine, and neck muscles (AnatomyExpert,
As the size and format of the human face are mainly determined by the facial skeleton, any abnormalities of the underlying bone structure will reflect on the external soft tissue. Surgical procedures altering the craniofacial bone framework have a significant effect on facial appearance, and can contribute to facial aesthetic enhancement up to some degree (HSU et al., 2010). The square jaw with low angle deformity, commonly referred to as “square face”, is defined by a gonial angle between 120 and 90 degree accompanied by a mandibular plane angle lower than 30 degrees, resulting in a face with a flat mandibular outline (HSU et al, 2010). The prominent mandibular angle is a common facial trait throughout the world, but is especially prevalent in Asian countries. When combined with masseteric hypertrophy, it results in a characteristic “square face” (DEGUCHI et al., 1997).
Introduction: Syringomyelia arising from the expansion of the central canal located in the center of the medulla spinalis are rarely seen formations. The incidence is higher soon after Arnold Chiari Malformation and past spinal trauma. It may occur after the spinal cord is under the influence of external compression, when there are cord-related tumoral formations and after the cerebral spinal fluid, (CSF) dynamics in the central canal are disturbed. Although different theories have been described in its pathogenesis, a precise definition has yet to be made which can explain the development mechanism of isolated syringomyelia.
If you’ve ever encountered an American, you know that their marking characteristic is their tendency to engage in a full toothed smile, regardless of the situation (the main exception being the New York City subway, where you avoid eye contact and engagement at all costs). To us rather ethnocentric Americans, this is considered a social norm, and people who do not engage in this behavior are considered to be rather odd and questionable. However, outside of the Americanized world, the exact opposite is true. In many other countries, smiling is considered to be the cultural outlier, and remaining stone faced is the norm. This is due to variation in social norms, which we learn and conform to through the process of socialization, by which people
Next one is the thymus. Thymus is the place where the T lymphocytes matured. There is alos lymphatic vessels qho are parallels with veins and arteries. It allows the cells to pass through. Then, it also where the process of exchanged between blood and lymphatic vessels occur.